شناسائی و رتبه بندی شاخص های موثر استعدادیابی داوران فوتبال ایران
محورهای موضوعی : فعالیت بدنی و تندرستی
حامد سیری
1
,
مهران نصیری
2
,
سیاوش خداپرست
3
1 - گروه تربیت بدنی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران.
2 - گروه تربیت بدنی، واحد بندر انزلی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بندر انزلی، ایران.
3 - گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان، ایران.
کلید واژه: استعدادیابی, داوران, فوتبال, ایران.,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف: داوری به عنوان یکی از ارکان اصلی فوتبال در رشد، توسعه و اقتصاد فوتبال بسیار تعیین کننده است. بنابراین هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی شاخص های مؤثر استعدادیابی داوران فوتبال ایران است.
روش: این پژوهش به صورت آمیخته (کیفی-کمی)و از لحاظ هدف کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت توصیفی- پیمایشی است. جامعه آماری تحقیق، اساتید برجسته حوزه داوری و داوران نخبه فوتبال کشور بودند. نمونه آماری تحقیق نیز به صورت هدفمند و تمام شمار 104 نفر لحاظ گردید. ابزار گردآوری داده ها پرسشنامه محقق ساخته است که با مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته از متخصصان خبره داوری تهیه شد که روایی آن به وسیله تحلیل عاملی و همچنین پایایی آن به وسیله ضریب آلفای کرونباخ مورد تایید قرار گرفت.
یافته ها: نتایج تحقیق نشان داد از بین 6 شاخص اصلی مهارتی-مدیریتی-روانشناختی-شخصیتی-جسمانی-آنتروپومتریک، شاخص مهارتی به عنوان شاخص اصلی استعدادیابی داوران فوتبال تعیین شد. همچنین شاخص ایجاد زوایای مناسب به عنوان مهمترین عامل مهارتی، شاخص قاطعیت در تصمیمگیری به عنوان مهمترین عامل مدیریتی، شاخص تمرکز به عنوان مهمترین عامل روانشناختی، شاخص شجاعت به عنوان مهمترین عامل شخصیتی، شاخص استقامت قلبی-تنفسی به عنوان مهمترین عامل جسمانی و شاخص فیزیک بدنی (استایل) به عنوان مهمترین عامل آنتروپومتری، به عنوان مهمترین شاخص های فرعی هریک از شاخص های اصلی تعیین شدند.
نتیجه گیری: این پژوهش نشان داد که استعدادیابی در داوری فوتبال یک فرآیند پیچیده و چندبعدی است و نیازمند توجه به عوامل مختلف است؛ بنابراین به نظر میرسد شاخص مهارتی می تواند تا حدود زیادی استعداد داوران را مشخص کند و می توان از این نتایج جهت استعدادیابی داوران فوتبال کشور استفاده نمود.
Aim: Refereeing, as one of the main pillars, is very decisive in the growth, development and economy of soccer. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effective indicators of talent identification of Iranian soccer referees.
:Method
This research is mixed (qualitative-quantitative), applied in terms of purpose, and descriptive-survey in nature.The statistical population was prominent professors and elite soccer referees in Iran. The research sample conducted purposefully and with 104 people. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire that was prepared by semi-structured interviews with expert refereeing experts, whose validity was confirmed by factor analysis and its reliability by Cronbach's alpha coefficient.
Findings: The results of the research showed that among the 6 main indicators of skill-management-psychological-personality-physical-anthropometric, the skill index was determined as the main indicator of talent identification of soccer referees. Also, creating appropriate angles as the most important skill factor, decisiveness in decision-making as the most important management factor, concentration as the most important psychological factor, courage as the most important personality factor, cardiorespiratory endurance as the most important physical factor, and physical fitness (style) as the most important anthropometric factor were determined as the most important sub-indices of each of the main indicators.
Conclusion: This study showed that talent identification in soccer refereeing is a complex and multidimensional process and requires attention to various factors; therefore, .it seems that the skill index can largely determine the talent of referees and these results can be used to identify the talent of soccer referees in Iran
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