دینامیک ریشه در قلمه‌های Bougainvillea glabra Choisy: بررسی تأثیر نوع اکسین، غلظت و نوع قلمه در طول زمان در دو واریته
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتیمحمدرضا صالحی سلیم 1 , مژگان زنگنه 2
1 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ایران
2 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ایران
کلید واژه: اسید استیک, تولید گلخانه‌ای, تکثیر, تنوع فصلی, قلمه نرم,
چکیده مقاله :
این بررسی تأثیر سه نوع اکسین- اسید ایندول بوتیریک (IBA)، اسید نفتالین‌استیک (NAA) و اسید دی‌کلروفنوکسی‌استیک (2,4-D) را بر ریشه‌زایی قلمه‌های نرم، نیمه‌چوبی و چوبی گل‌کاغذی (Bougainvillea glabra Choisy) در اوایل زمستان و بهار تحت شرایط گلخانه‌ای بررسی کرد. تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد گیاهی با غلظت‌های ۲۵۰، ۵۰۰ و ۱۰۰۰ میلی‌گرم در لیتر تهیه شدند. قلمه‌های ساقه به مدت ۲۴ ساعت در این محلول‌ها غوطه‌ور شدند و سپس به محیط رشد منتقل شدند. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با ۱۰ تکرار طراحی شد. نتایج نشان داد که زمان (زمستان در مقابل بهار) تأثیر معنی‌داری بر درصد ریشه‌زایی ندارد. با این حال، تفاوت‌های معنی‌داری در شاخه‌دهی مشاهده شد. کوتاه‌ترین میانگین طول شاخه (2 سانتی‌متر) در اوایل زمستان و بلندترین طول (7/4 سانتی‌متر) در اوایل بهار ثبت شد. تفاوت‌های معنی‌داری نیز بین واریته‌ها یافت شد، با عملکرد بهتر واریته قرمز نسبت به واریته سفید. قلمه‌های چوبی نتایج بهتری نسبت به قلمه‌های نرم و نیمه‌چوبی داشتند. از میان تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد گیاهی، قلمه‌هایی که با ۲۵۰ میلی‌گرم در لیتر IBA یا NAA تیمار شده بودند، بالاترین درصد ریشه‌زایی را نشان دادند. افزایش غلظت این اکسین‌ها منجر به کاهش ریشه‌زایی شد، کمترین درصد ریشه‌زایی در ۱۰۰۰ میلی‌گرم در لیتر 2,4-D مشاهده شد. این مطالعه نشان داد که نوع و غلظت اکسین‌ها تأثیر معنی‌داری بر ریشه‌زایی و شاخه‌دهی قلمه‌های گل‌کاغذی دارد، با نتایج بهینه در ۲۵۰ میلی‌گرم در لیتر IBA و .NAA این یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که انتخاب دقیق نوع و غلظت اکسین، همراه با توجه به نوع قلمه و زمان‌بندی، برای تکثیر موفقیت‌آمیز گل‌کاغذی بسیار مهم است.
This study investigated the effects of three types of auxins—indolebutyric acid (IBA), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)—on the rooting of soft, semiwoody, and woody stem cuttings of bougainvillea (Bougainvillea glabra Choisy) during early winter and spring under greenhouse conditions. PGRs were prepared at concentrations of 250, 500, and 1000 mg L-1. The stem cuttings were immersed in these solutions for 24 hours before being transferred to the growth media. The experiment was designed as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with 10 replications. The results indicated that timing (winter vs. spring) had no significant effect on the rooting percentage (p-value= 0.05). However, significant differences were observed in branching, with the shortest average branch length (2.0 cm) occurring in early winter and the longest (4.7 cm) occurring in early spring. Significant differences were also found between varieties, with the red variety outperforming the white variety (20.44% vs. 10.83%). The woody cuttings produced significantly better results than the soft and semiwoody cuttings did. Among the PGRs, those treated with 250 mg L-1 IBA (33.2%) or NAA (32.5%) presented the highest rooting percentages. Increasing concentrations of these auxins resulted in decreased rooting, with the lowest rooting percentage (0%) observed at 1000 mg L-1 2,4-D. This study demonstrated that the type and concentration of auxins significantly affect the rooting and branching of bougainvillea stem cuttings, with optimal results achieved with 250 mg L-1 IBA and NAA. These findings suggest that careful selection of the auxin type and concentration, as well as consideration of the cutting type and timing, are crucial for the successful propagation of bougainvillea.
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