قابلیت اعمال معاهدات هسته¬ای بر انـرژی گـداخت هستـه¬ای
محورهای موضوعی : تحقیقات حقوقی بین المللیصالخ رضایی پیش رباط 1 , هاشم زغفرانی 2 , بامداد خدائی سوری 3 , پوریا حاتمی باروق 4
1 - پژوهشگاه علوم و فنون هسته ای
2 - سزامان انرژی اتمی ایران
3 - سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران
4 - سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران
کلید واژه: آژانس بینالمللی انرژی اتمی, انرژی هستهای, حقوق بین¬الملل هستهای, گداخت هستهای, معاهدات هسته ای,
چکیده مقاله :
بدست آوردن انرژی هستهای از طریق فرایند شکافت سال ها ست انجام شده و مورد بهره برداری قرار می گیرد، اما دستیابی به انرژی هسته ای از طریق گداخت و بهره برداری از آن هنوز به طور کامل محقق نشده و در حال تحقیق و توسعه است که البته انتظار می رود در آینده نه چندان دور به مرحله صنعتی و تجاری رسیده و مورد بهره برداری قرار گیرد. پرسشی که این پژوهش در صدد بررسی آن می باشد این است که «قواعـد فعـلی حقـوق بیـنالملل حاکـم بر انـرژی هستـه ای» تا چه میزان میتواند چارچوبهای حقوقیِ لازم برای انجام فعالیتهای مربوط به انرژی گداخت هسته ای را فراهم، و نیازهای آن را تأمین نماید. یافتههای این پژوهش، حاکی از آن است که «قابلیـت اعمـال حقـوق بیـنالمللِ موجـودِ حاکـم بر انـرژی هستـهای» درخصوص «انـرژی گداخـت هستـه ای» با محدودیتها و کاستیهایی مواجه بوده و قواعد فعلی این حقوق نمیتواند مبـانی حقـوقی لازم برای انجام فعالیتهای مربوط به «انـرژی گداخـت هستـه ای» را فراهم آورد. این محدودیتها و کاستیها از دو طریق: اصلاح مقررات معاهدات هسته ای موجود یا انعقاد معاهده خاص راجع به گداخت هستهای قابل رفع است که به نظر می رسد طریق دوم سهل الوصول باشد. روش مورد استفاده در تجزیهوتحلیلِ مطالب این پژوهش، «استنبـاط حکـم ناظـر بر موضـوع از طریـق استنـاد به قواعـد و مقـررات مرتبـط» و شیوه تجزیهوتحلیل مطالب نیز «بهرهمنـدی از تکنیـک رونـد پژوهـی» میباشد.
Obtaining nuclear energy through the process of fission has been done and exploited for years, but obtaining nuclear energy through fusion and its exploitation has not yet been fully realized and is being researched and developed. Of course, it is expected to reach the industrial and commercial stage in the not-too-distant future. The question that this research aims to examine is to what extent the current rules of international law governing nuclear energy can provide the necessary legal frameworks to carry out activities related to nuclear fusion energy and meet its needs. The findings of this research indicate that the ability to apply the existing international laws governing nuclear energy in the case of nuclear fusion energy faces limitations and shortcomings, and the current rules of these rights cannot provide the necessary legal bases to carry out related activities These limitations and shortcomings can be solved in two ways: amending the provisions of existing nuclear treaties or concluding a special treaty on nuclear fusion, which seems to be the easiest way. The method used in the analysis of the contents of this research is the inference of the ruling on the matter by referring to the related rules and regulations, and the method of analyzing the contents is to benefit from the research process technique.
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