ارتباط فکری و جامعه شناختی اسماعیلیه با تصوف
محورهای موضوعی : جامعه شناسیسید احسان فیاضی 1 , فیاض زاهد 2 , محمود سید 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری ، گروه تاریخ ، واحد تهران مرکزی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تهران ، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه تاریخ ، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تهران ، ایران ( نویسنده مسئول)
3 - گروه تاریخ و باستان شناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: اسماعیلیه, تصوف, تشیع, حسن صباح, نزاریان,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر با شیوه ی تحلیلی- توصیفی، برآن می‌باشد تا زوایای پنهان و آشکار مناسبات فکری اسماعیلیه با جریان تصوف را طی قرون 4 تا 7 هجری بیان و تحلیل نماید. نتایج حاصله از این تحقیق بیانگر آنست که محوری‌ترین مصادیق و نمونه‌های مشخص در قرابت فکری و عملی آموزه‌های اسماعیلیه با تصوف عبارتند از: تلفیق آرای اسماعیلی با اندیشه‌های صوفیانه و تداخل ادبیات اسماعیلیه و صوفیه، استفاده از کسوت پیران صوفیه، گفتمان شیعی-صوفی، پیـدایش برخی از فرق صوفیه، ابن‌عربی و اسماعیلیه، سه‌گانه‌ی مغولان- اسماعیلیان- تصوف، رسائل اخوان الصفا و تصوف، حاکم بامرالله و تصوف، زبان فارسی، معارضه ادبی و هم کنشی صوفیانه-اسماعیلی، تغییر زندگی اسماعیلیان به شیوه صوفیان، باطنی گرایی، هفت دور و حجت‌های دوازده گانه، وحدت زبانی، امامت، رویکرد تأویلی، شباهت آیینی و تعلیمی، پذیرفتن سبک زندگی، هم کیش پنداری، تمایزنهادن بین ابعاد ظاهری و باطنی دین، قیامت معنوی، غیب الغیوب، وحدت وجود، تقیّه ، نقباء و ائمه. بنا بر این جستار، در قرون 4 الی 7 هجری که همزمان با بسط و گسترش و به دنبال آن افول ظاهری فعالیت های نزاریان در ایران می باشد، بنا بر اسناد تاریخی، شاهد قرابت و تشابهات فراوانی میان نزاریان و صوفیان در گفتار و عمل می باشیم.
The current research, with analytical-descriptive method, aims to express and analyze the hidden and obvious angles of the Ismaili intellectual relations with Sufism during the 4th to 7th centuries of Hijri. The results of this research show that the most central examples and specific examples in the intellectual and practical affinity of Ismaili doctrines with Sufism are: the integration of Ismaili ideas with Sufi ideas and the overlap of Ismaili and Sufi literature, the use of the guise of Sufi elders, the Shia-Sufi discourse, the origin Some of the sects of Sufiism, Ibn Arabi and Ismailiyya, the trilogy of Mongols-Ismailis-Sufism, the letters of Akhwan al-Safa and Sufism, Hakim Bamarallah and Sufism, the Persian language, literary conflict and Sufi-Ismaili interaction, changing the life of Ismailis in the way of Sufis, esotericism, seven Twelve rounds and proofs, linguistic unity, imamate, interpretive approach, religious and educational similarity, acceptance of lifestyle, religious affiliation, differentiation between external and internal dimensions of religion, spiritual resurrection, unseen, unity of existence, taqiyyah, naqba and imams. According to this research, in the 4th to 7th centuries of Hijri, which coincides with the expansion and expansion followed by the apparent decline of the activities of the Nizarians in Iran, according to historical documents, we witness many kinships and similarities between the Nizarians and the Sufis in speech and action.
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