اثر محلولپاشی سالیسلیک¬اسید و آهن بر برخی ویژگی¬های بیوشیمیایی و زراعی ذرت هیبرید سینگل کراس 704 (Zae mays L.) تحت کمبود آب
محورهای موضوعی : آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی
یونس سلطانی کاظمی
1
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محمدرضا دادنیا
2
1 - گروه زراعت، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران
2 - گروه فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران
کلید واژه: آبیاری, ذرت, سالیسیلیک¬اسید, عملکرد دانه و مالون¬دی¬آلدئید. ,
چکیده مقاله :
به‌منظور بررسی اثر محلولپاشی سالیسلیکاسید و آهن بر ویژگیهای بیوشیمیایی ذرت در شرایط تنش کمبود آب، آزمایشی بهصورت کرتهای دو بار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوك‌هاي كامل تصادفي با چهار تکرار طی سالهای زراعی 97-1396 و 98-1397 در مزرعهای واقع در شهرستان گتوند اجرا شد. کرت اصلی آبیاری با دو سطح بدون تنش و قطع آبياری 10 روز بعد از ظهور بلال تا زمان رسیدن (80 روز بعد از کاشت)، کرت فرعی محلولپاشی سالیسیلیکاسید با چهار سطح صفر، 100،200 و 300 میکرومول و کرت فرعیفرعی محلولپاشی آهن با سه سطح صفر، دو و چهار کیلوگرم در هکتار (75 روز بعد از کاشت) بود. نتایج نشان داد که برهمکنش سهگانه قطع آبیاری، محلولپاشی سالیسیلیکاسید و آهن بر عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک معنیدار بود. همچنین برهمکنش قطع آبیاری و اسیدسالیسیلیک بر سوپراکسیددیسموتاز، مالوندیآلدئید، دیتیروزین و دیهیدروکسیگوانوزین معنیدار بود. در شرایط قطع آبیاری غلظت بیومارکرهای بیوشیمیایی نظیر مالوندیآلدئید، دیتیروزین و دیهیدروکسیگوانوزین افزایش یافت اما با کاربرد محلولپاشی سالیسیلیکاسید و آهن در شرایط تنش از میزان آنها کاسته شد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه (2/8731 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در شرایط آبیاری نرمال با محلولپاشی300 میکرومول سالیسیلیکاسید و چهار کیلوگرم در هکتار آهن به‌دست آمد که نسبت به تیمار قطع آبیاری 10 روز بعد از ظهور بلال تا زمان رسیدن و عدم محلولپاشی سالیسیلیکاسید و آهن 2/31 درصد افزایش نشان داد. در مجموع ميتوان براي افزايش عملكرد دانه در شرايط مطلوب و كاهش افت در شرايط تنش، از محلولپاشی سالسیلیک‌اسید با غلظت 300 میکرومول و آهن به میزان چهار کیلوگرم در هکتار استفاده نمود.
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