بررسی تطبیقی مداخله و تنظیم گیری دولت‌های ایران و امارت متحده عربی در اقتصاد با نگاهی به ابعاد فقهی آن
محورهای موضوعی : جامع الفقهیه
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه حقوق، واحد امارات متحده عربی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دبی.
کلید واژه: مداخله و تنظیم گیری, دولت‌های ایران و امارت متحده عربی, اقتصاد ,
چکیده مقاله :
هر چند تنظیم‌گری دامنه وسیعی از دیدگاه‌ها، از کنترل دقیق دولتی تا نظارت غیرمستقیم و بازارسازی را شامل می‌شود، اما ماهیتی کاملاً متفاوت از نظام برنامه‌ریزی متمرکز دارد. به بیان دیگر به‌تصریح برخی از صاحب‌نظران، در میان دو گونه سازوکارهای تخصیص منابع، یعنی بازاری و غیربازاری، تنظیم‌گری دولت در قالب‌ساز و کارهای بازاری مقید و مشروط جای می‌گیرد. آنها معتقدند اگر بالابودن هزینه‌های مبادله را عامل اصلی شکست بازار یا عدم ایجاد بازار بدانیم، تنظیم‌گری و مقررات‌گذاری رویکردی است که به دولت امکان کاهش هزینه‌های مبادله را می‌دهد و در نتیجه کارآمدی بازار را بهبود بخشد، نه اینکه جایگزین سازوکار بازار شود. هر چند تنظیم‌گری دامنه وسیعی از دیدگاه‌ها، از کنترل دقیق دولتی تا نظارت غیرمستقیم و بازارسازی را شامل می‌شود، اما ماهیتی کاملاً متفاوت از نظام برنامه‌ریزی متمرکز دارد. به بیان دیگر به‌تصریح برخی از صاحب‌نظران، در میان دو گونه سازوکارهای تخصیص منابع، یعنی بازاری و غیربازاری، تنظیم‌گری دولت در قالب‌ساز و کارهای بازاری مقید و مشروط جای می‌گیرد. آنها معتقدند اگر بالابودن هزینه‌های مبادله را عامل اصلی شکست بازار یا عدم ایجاد بازار بدانیم، تنظیم‌گری و مقررات‌گذاری رویکردی است که به دولت امکان کاهش هزینه‌های مبادله را می‌دهد و در نتیجه کارآمدی بازار را بهبود بخشد، نه اینکه جایگزین سازوکار بازار شود.
Although regulation encompasses a wide range of perspectives, from strict government control to indirect supervision and marketization, it is of a completely different nature from a centrally planned system. In other words, according to some experts, between two types of resource allocation mechanisms, i.e. market and non-market, government regulation is placed in the framework of bound and conditional market activities. They believe that if we consider high transaction costs as the main cause of market failure or non-creation of a market, regulation is an approach that allows the government to reduce transaction costs and thus improve market efficiency, rather than replacing the market mechanism. Although regulation encompasses a wide range of perspectives, from strict government control to indirect supervision and marketization, it is of a completely different nature from a centrally planned system. In other words, according to some experts, between two types of resource allocation mechanisms, i.e. market and non-market, government regulation is placed in the framework of bound and conditional market activities. They believe that if we consider high transaction costs as the main cause of market failure or non-creation of a market, regulation is an approach that allows the government to reduce transaction costs and thus improve market efficiency, rather than replacing the market mechanism.
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