تحلیل ابعاد عملکرد پرتفوی مالی زنجیره تأمین سبز در صنایع غذایی
رزیتا رحمانی
1
(
دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت صنعتی، واحد ابهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ابهر، ایران
)
امیر نجفی
2
(
گروه مهندسی صنایع، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
)
فرید عسکری
3
(
استادیار، گروه مدیریت، واحد ابهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ابهر، ایران
)
هژبر کیانی
4
(
استاد مدعو، گروه مدیریت، واحد ابهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ابهر، ایران
)
کلید واژه: مدیریت زنجیره تأمین سبز, سیستم مدیریت زیست محیطی, تصمیم گیری, غذایی,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه مدیریت زیست محیطی با تأکید بر حفاظت از محیط زیست به یکی از مهم ترین مسائل مشتریان، دولت ها، صنایع و رقبا تبدیل شده و فشارهای بین المللی و جهانی، سازمان ها را ملزم به تولید محصولات و خدمات سازگار با محیط زیست کرده است. این چالش منجر به ایجاد مفهوم جدیدی به نام مدیریت زنجیره سبز در حوزه کسب و کار شده که ترکیبی از تفکر محیطی و زنجیره تأمین است. هدف این تحقیق شناسایی شاخص های اصلی مدیریت زنجیره تأمین سبز و ارائه چارچوبی در این راستا به منظور پیاده سازی، سنجش و مقایسه میزان سبز بودن صنایع تولیدی علی الخصوص صنعت مواد غذایی می باشد. این تحقیق در سه فاز متفاوت صورت گرفته است؛ در فاز نخست مؤلفه های عملکرد پرتفوی مالی مدیریت زنجیره تأمین سبز با مطالعه متون علمی و کسب نظر خبرگان استخراج شده (شامل هفت بعد: تأمین کننده و خرید سبز، طراحی و بسته بندی سبز، تولید سبز، توزیع و بازاریابی سبز، لجستیک معکوس، مدیریت زیست محیطی و آموزش و پژوهش و 29 شاخص) و مبنای تهیه پرسشنامه قرار گرفته است. در فاز بعدی مؤلفه های استخراج شده به روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی و کسب نظر خبرگان صنعت مواد غذایی، اولویت بندی می شوند. و در نهایت با استفاده از روش تاپسیس فازی، سه شرکت کنسروسازی مشکات، یاران و مقدمیان مورد سنجش قرار گرفتند. نتایج حاکی از آن است که شرکت های مشکات، یاران و مقدمیان به ترتیب رتبه اول تا سوم را از نظر سبز بودن به دست آوردند.
چکیده انگلیسی :
Extended Abstract
Purpose
Increasing concerns about environmental warnings have forced manufacturers to try to create solutions in the field of environmental management. Perspectives such as green supply chain management, green productivity, cleaner production and environmental management systems have been used for green management activities. Today, in the food industry due to the shortening of the life cycle of products, the increase of packaging and consumables, the high share of energy and water consumption in the production process (from the time of product design to its sale), water and soil pollution due to the nature of these Industries and diversification of products, decision making in management the supply chain of this industry is particularly sensitive. Decision-making about environmental issues in the supply chain will affect many decisions such as: how to transport, sourcing, choosing among suppliers, etc. Therefore, the main issue of this research is to provide a framework for implementing and measuring the greenness of the industrial supply chain by identifying the components of green supply chain management and evaluating its importance in the food industry.
Methodology
The used research method is applied in terms of the type of goal, in terms of the method of field data collection and in terms of the control level of variables, it is descriptive-survey. In this research, to cover the discussion of research theory, specialized and general books, specialized articles and publications, as well as to collect data, questionnaires and interviews and using the opinions of experts have been used. In this research, by examining the research done in the field of green supply chain management, the effective components on green supply chain management were extracted. Then, by screening the identified components, the components affecting the green supply chain management in the food industry are selected. And by using the fuzzy hierarchical analysis technique, we will rank the components of green supply chain management. And finally, by using the TOPSIS fuzzy technique, three studied companies were ranked using green supply chain management components.
Finding
The first questionnaire was designed to screen the components of green supply chain management that were identified by the library method and mentioned in the previous section. The characteristics of the experts of this survey are mentioned in the table and the indicators are according to the table. This questionnaire was sent to 14 experts. Here, according to the first questionnaire, the research experts were asked to express the suitability of the identified indicators with the topic and dimensions of the research quantitatively from 0 to 10. After calculating the geometric mean of numbers, indicators whose geometric mean is less than 6 (Latin abbreviations are according to the table) were excluded from the research process. Therefore, the following criteria: ISO 14000 series certificate control and suppliers' environmental management system (S4), management revision in the organization's environmental programs (M4) and application of comprehensive quality management principles (M5), considering environmental aspects in the plan Decommissioning of industrial units and arrangement of machinery (P4) and requirement of suppliers to collect their packaging materials (R3) will be removed. Also, according to the suggestion of the experts, the following criteria for returning packaging to suppliers for reuse and recycling (R2) and returning products to suppliers for recycling (R4) are combined in the following terms: Returning packaging and products to suppliers It is changed for reuse and recycling (R2).
Conclusion
The results show that the two companies Meshkat and Yaran ranked first and second with a small difference, and Moghaddian ranked third. According to the ranking of the criteria, the criteria of environmental management, education and research, and green production are ranked first to third, and by looking at the tables, it can be seen that Meshkat and Yaran companies are in an acceptable position in these criteria. have confirmed the results obtained from the second questionnaire, which means that the claimant companies are in an acceptable situation in the implementation of green supply chain management in important criteria from the point of view of experts. It can be said that without the commitment and support of management (the presence of explicit policies) and education and research, companies cannot be expected to be successful in implementing green supply chain management. Moghadamian company can be a good example to confirm this claim.
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