ارائه مدل ارزیابی آمادگی الکترونیکی جهت استقرار آموزش مجازی در ادارات ورزش و جوانان فارس

محورهای موضوعی : آموزش و پرورش

کمال باقری ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری ،گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد بندرعباس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ،بندرعباس،ایران.)
مهدی باقری ² (دانشیار، گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد بندرعباس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بندرعباس،ایران)
نادرقلی قورچیان ³ (استاد گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تهران، ایران.)
پریوش جعفری ⁴ (دانشیار گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تهران، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/04/24 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/08/12 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/11/01

کلید واژه: آموزش مجازی, مدل, ورزش و جوانان فارس, آمادگی الکترونیکی,

چکیده مقاله :

مقدمه و هدف: این پژوهش با هدف ارائه مدل ارزیابی آمادگی الکترونیکی جهت استقرار آموزش مجازی در ادارات ورزش و جوانان فارس انجام شد.
روش شناسی پژوهش: جامعه آماری در بخش کیفی شامل افراد خبره در حوزه آموزش مجازی و در بخش کمی شامل مدیران و کارکنان ادارات ورزش و جوانان استان فارس به تعداد 320 نفر بود. حجم نمونه در بخش کیفی با توجه به اصل اشباع (30 نفر) و در بخش کمی با استفاده از فرمول کوکران ، 175 نفر برآورد شد. برای انتخاب نمونه در بخش کیفی از نمونه گیری هدفمند و دربخش کمی از نمونه گیری تصادفی  طبقه ای استفاده شد. ابزار گرد آوری داده ها دربخش کیفی، مصاحبه نیمه ساختمند و در بخش کمی، پرسش نامه محقق ساخته برمبنای مقیاس پنج گزینه ای لیکرت بود. روایی صوری پرسش نامه از طریق اجرای آزمایشی و روایی محتوایی از طریق قضاوت خبرگان به تایید رسید. پایایی پرسش نامه از طریق ضریب آلفای کرونباخ 84/0 به دست آمد.
یافته ­ها: برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها در بخش کیفی از کد گذاری باز  ، کد گذاری محوری و کدگذاری انتخابی و در بخش کمی از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی ، تحلیل عاملی تاییدی و t تک نمونه ای استفاده شد. نتایج به دست آمده به شناسایی 6 بعد و13 مولفه و57 شاخص منجر  شد. مدلی شش بعدی درجهت ارزیابی آمادگی الکترونیکی جهت استقرار آموزش مجازی ارائه شد و درجه تناسب آن با اطمینان 95 درصد از نظر متخصصان مورد تایید قرار گرفت.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Introduction: The aim of this study was to provide an electronic readiness assessment model for the establishment of virtual education in sports and youth Sports and Youth of Fars Province.
research methodology: The statistical population in the qualitative part included experts in the field of virtual education and in the quantitative part included managers and employees of sports and youth departments of Fars province to 320 people. The sample size was estimated in the qualitative part according to the saturation principle (30 people) and in the quantitative part using the Cochran's formula, 175 people. Purposeful sampling was used to select the sample in the qualitative part and stratified random sampling was used in the quantitative part. The data collection tools in the qualitative part were semi-structured interviews and in the quantitative part, the researcher-made questionnaire was based on the Likert five-choice scale. The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through experimental implementation and the content validity was confirmed through expert judgment. The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained through Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.84. For data analysis in the qualitative part, open coding, axial coding and selective coding were used, and in the quantitative part, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and one-sample t were used.
Findings: The results led to the identification of 6 dimensions, 13 components and 57 indicators. A six-dimensional model for assessing e-readiness for the deployment of e-learning was presented and its degree of appropriateness was confirmed by experts with 95% confidence by experts.

منابع و مأخذ:

1. Ali Mosa, M, M.N., ebrrahimi, R. (2016).Technological Aspects of E-Learning Readiness in Higher Education: A Review of the Literature. Computer and Information Science, 9(1), 100-121.


2. Aydin C.H. and Tasci D., Measuring Readiness for e-Learning: Reflections from an Emerging Country, Educational Technology & Society, Vol. 8, No. 4, 2005, pp. 244-257.


3. Abas Z.W., Kaur K. and Harun, H., Elearning Readiness in Malaysia 2004, A Join Study by the Ministry of Energy, Water and Communications (MEWC),Malaysia and Open University Malaysia (OUM), 2004.


4. Archibugi, D. & Coco, A. (2004). A new indicator of technological capabilities for developed and developing countries (ArCo). World Development.: VoL:32: No:4: pp. 629–654


5. Asian Pacific Economic Corporation (APEC). (2000). e-commerce readiness assessment guide. Hong Kong: China, Online: http://www.ecommerce.gov/apec/.

6.Abdolvahabizadeh, M, Mehr Alizadeh, Y, Parsa, A (2011), Feasibility study of establishing smart schools in girls' high schools in Ahvaz, Quarterly Journal of Educational Innovation, No. 43, Year 11, Fall 2012.

7.Bagheri Majd, R, Sedghi Bukani, N (2017), Designing an e-learning preparation model in the educational system of Islamic Azad University of Mahabad, Scientific Research Quarterly of Information and Communication Technology in Educational Sciences, Year 7, Issue 4, Summer 2017, Pages 149 to 172.

8. Bazargan, A. (2015). An introduction to qualitative and mixed methods research. Tehran: Didar. (in Persian).


9. Bryman, A. (2007). Barriers to integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Research. Journal of Mixed Method Research, 11(1), pp 8-22.

10.Behzadi, A (2011), Assessing the readiness of electronic learning systems in financial organizations and institutions (Bank Melli Iran), Master's thesis in Information Technology Management, Advanced Information Systems, Allameh Tabatabai University, School of Management and Accounting.

11. Charmaz, K. (2000). Grounded theory: objectivist and constructivist methods. in Denzin NK & Lincoln Ys (eds) Handbook of Qualitative Research. Second edition. Sage publications.


12. Center for International Development (CID) at Harvard University. (2000) Readiness for the networked world, a guide for developing countries.Cambridge:Harvard University. Online: http://www.cid.harvard.edu/ciditg

13.Computer Systems Policy Project (CSPP). (1998). Readiness guide for living in the networked world. Online: http://www.cspp.org.

Cambridge, MA: Center for International Development (CID), Harvard University. Online: http://www.cid.harvard.edu/cr/gitrr 030202.html.SIDA. Online: http://www.sida.se.

14.Chapnick, S. (2000). Are you ready for e-learning? Learning Circuits, ASTD’s Online Magazine All About ELearning. Retrieved from http://www.learningcircuits.org2000/ /nov2000/ Chapnick.

15. Contreras, J., & Shadi, M. (2015). Assessment in E-Learning Environment Readiness of Teaching Staff, Administrators, and Students of Faculty of Nursing-Benghazi University. International Journal of the Computer, the Internet and Management, 23(1), 53-58.

16.Darab, B, (2010), Designing a Model for Finding Electronic Learning Readiness in Iranian Universities, Master's Thesis, Tarbiat Modares University.

17. Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU). (2008) The 2008 e-readiness rankings. London. New York, Hong Kong: EIU. Online: http://www.eiu.com.

18.Fathian, M (2008), Identification of factors affecting the electronic readiness of small and medium service companies, Sharif 24 (43): 21-30.

19. Flate,M.(2002).Online Education Systems: Discussion and Definition of Terms , from http://www.nettskolen.com forskning//Definition%20of%20Terms.pdf .


20. Gholami, Y, Maleki, H, Sadeghi, A, Mohammadi, M (1398), Designing and validating the appropriate model of the first high school curriculum for talented schools , Spring 1398, (pp. 45 to 60).

21.Ghaeni, E, Babak A (2009), Presentation of a Model for Evaluating the Readiness of e-Learning in Iranian Organizations, Article Presented at the International Conference on Electronic Education and Learning, Tehran.

22.Hung,M.L;Chou,C;Chen.C.H.& Own,Z.Y.(2010).Learner readiness for online learning.scale development and student perceptions.Computers & Education, 55(3)m 1080-1090.

23.Hassanzadeh, A, Meshbaki, A, Khodakaramzadeh, F (2010), Identification and measurement of indicators for designing e-learning model, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tarbiat Modares University, Faculty of Humanities - 2010 – (Master).

24. Holloway, I., Wheeler, S. (2010). Qualititative research in nursing and healthcare.3rd ed. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K. Ames, Iowa: Wiley-Blackwell.


25. International Telecommunication Union (ITU). (2003) ITU Digital Access Index: World’s First Global ICT Ranking. Geneva: ITU. Online:

http://www.itu.int/newsarchive/press releases/2003/30.html

26. International Telecommunication Union (ITU). (2005). Measuring digital opportunity. Paper presented at the WSIS Thematic Meeting on Multi-Stakeholder

Partnerships for Bridging the Digital Divide, Seoul, Republic of Korea, June. Online: http://www.itu.int/itu-wsis/2005/DOI%20V2.pdf.

27. IDC. (2001) .The IDC/World Times Information Society Index: The future of the information society. Framingham, MA: IDC.


28. Jain, P. (2005) E-Readiness Assessment for SMEs in India. New Delhi: Ministry of Small Scale Industries, Government of India, Online:

http://www.annualmeeting2005.insme.org/document.

29. Jutla, D. Bodorik, P. & Dhaliwal, J. (2002).Government Support for the e-Readiness of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises. Proceedings of the 35thHawaii International Conference on System Sciences(IEEEConference), USA

Kerr,M.S.Rynearson.K.& Kerr.M.C(2006).Student characteristics for online learning success. The Internet and Higher Education, 9 (2),91-104.

30.Jafari, P. (1381). Review of virtual universities in order to provide a suitable model for the country's higher education system, PhD thesis, Islamic Azad University of Tehran.

31. Johnson, R. B., Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2004). Mixed Methods Research Paradigm Whose Time Has Come. Educational Researcher, 33(7), pp 14-26.


32. Jia, H., Wang, M., Ran, w., Yang, j.H., Liao, j., & Chiu, D. (2011). Design of a performance - oriented workplace e-learning system using ontology. Expert systems with Applications, 38, 3372-3382.


33. Khorasani, Abasalat and Dosti, Hooman. ( 2012 ). Evaluating the effectiveness of organizational training. Operational guide Tehran, center Iran Industrial Education and Research


34. Khorasani, Abaselat and Hassanzadeh Baranikord, Soodabeh (2007). Educational Needs Assessment Strategies and Strategies. Tehran: Center Iran Industrial Education and Research.

35.Kheirandish, M. (2011), Feasibility Study of Virtual Training in the National Iranian Petroleum Products Distribution Company, Quarterly Journal of Training Strategies, Volume 4, Number 3, Fall 90, pp. 142-137.

36.Karimian, Z, Farrokhi, Majid R. (2018), Presenting an Eight-Step Model of Virtual Education Development in the Educational Transformation and Innovation Project of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Scientific-Research Quarterly of Medicine and Cultivation, Summer 1397, Valley 27, No. 2, Pages 101 to 112.

37.Mesgarzadeh, F, Sepehr, F (2012),Electronic readiness: review and evaluation of electronic readiness models at the national and organizational level, Tehran: Librarian Publishing, first edition.

38.Mehri, M, Abdollahian, F (2016), A Study and Evaluation of Different Dimensions of Electronic Readiness in Islamic Azad University, Qorveh Branch, Quarterly Journal of New Research in Management and Accounting, Third Year, No. 14, Winter 2016, pp. 238-219.

39.Mohammadi, A, Barhmand, F, Shojaei, P (2017) ,Presenting a framework for evaluating e-readiness and e-commerce in Ramak Dairy Dairy Company Shiraz, Scientific Research Quarterly Journal of Information Technology Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Volume 8, Number 4, Winter 2016, pp. 811-832 .

40. Mutula, S. M. & Van Brakel, P. (2006). An evaluation of e-readiness assessment tools with respect to information access: Towards an integrated information

rich tool. International Journal of Information

Management.: VoL 26: pp. 212–223.

41. McConnell International. (2000). Risk e-business: seizing the opportunity of global e-readiness. Online: http://www.mcconnellinternational.com

42.Najjari, R, Ahangari, J, (2016), Designing and Explaining the Electronic Readiness Assessment Model of the State Tax Affairs Organization, Tax Research Journal, No. 30 (Series 78), Summer 1995.

43.Niaz Azari, K,, Taghvaei Yazdi, M,, Niaz Azari, M, (1394). Theories of organization and management in the third millennium of Ghaemshahr: Mehr Al-Nabi Publications, third edition.

44. Niknia, Masoumeh (2015), Network Society: Foundations and Functions, Information and Communication Book Review Quarterly, Second Year, Issue 5, Spring 2015.

45.Nouri Kalkhoran, F, Fathi and Ajargah, K, Khorasani, A, Asnafi, A (1398), Cloud Computing, A New Approach to Learning and Learning, Journal of Educational Strategies in Medical Science, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences (Volume 12, Number 1, April and May 2015.

46.Najafi Hezar Jaribi, H, Kopai, S, (2017), Designing a Model of Distance Education Management for the Iranian Higher Education System (Payame Noor University.Two Quarterly Journal of Higher Education Curriculum Study, Year 8, No. 15, Spring and Summer 2017, Chapters 35 to 60.

47. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (1999) Defining and measuring e-commerce: a status report. Paris: OECD. Online: http://www.oecd.org.


48. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2003). A proposal for a core list of indicators for ICT measurement. Paris: OECD.

Online: http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/3/3/22453185.pdf.

49. Onyait,G.O.&.T.Lubega,J.T.(2011).E.learning Readiness Assessment Model: A Case Study of Higher Institutions of Learning in Uganda.R.Kwan et al.(Eds): ICHL 2011, LNCS 6837,PP. 200-211.

50.Orei, N, Cheshmeh Sarabi, M, Sanaei, A, Orei, A, (1396-),Presenting a model for measuring the e-commerce readiness of Iranian university libraries.

51. Robison, K. K. & Crenshaw, E.M. (2002). Postindustrial transformations and cyber-space: a crossnational analysis of Internet development. Social Science Research: VoL 31: pp. 334–363.


52. Ramayah, T. Yan, C. L. & Sulaiman, M. (2005). SME e-readiness in Malaysia: Implications for Planning and Implementation. Sasin Journal of Management.: VoL: 1: No: 1: pp. 103-120.


53. Razavi, S.M., Akbari, M., Jafarzadeh, M., Reza Zali, M. (2013). Reviewing of Mixed Method Research. Tehran: publication of the Tehran University. (in Persian)


54. Rizk, N. (2004). E-readiness assessment of small and medium enterprises in Egypt: A micro study. Cairo: American University, Online: http://www.sba.luc.edu/orgs/meea/volume6/Rizk.htm


55. Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA). (2001) A Country ICT Survey for Rwanda, Tanzania and Mozambique. Stockholm:


56. Sciadas, G., ed. (2005). From the digital divide to digital opportunities: Measuring infostates for development. Montreal: NRC Press. Online: http://www.orbicom.uqam.ca/projects/ddi2005/index ict opp.pdf.

57.Sharif Moghadam, H, Malekian Fard, E, (2017), Feasibility Study for Providing Virtual Education in the Humanities in the undergraduate course of Payame Noor University of Mashhad, Quarterly Journal of Science and Information Management, Year 3, Issue 2, Summer 2017, Consecutive Issue 7.

58. Sabbaghian, Zahra, Akbari, Soheila (2017), Comprehensive Organizational Education (with Adult Education Approach) ,Tehran: Samat Publications, Third Edition.

59.Tarjaman, L, Siadat,  ,(1398), Feasibility study ofestablishing e-learning in rural and tribal high schools in Lorestan province, Quarterly Journal of Management and Planning in Educational Systems, Volume 12, Number 1.

60.Tari, F, Shams, G, Rezaeizadeh, M, (2017), Identification and Modeling of the Most Important Challenges of Applying Electronic Education with Approach to Structural Interpretive Modeling in National Iranian Gas Company, Quarterly Journal of Human Resources Education and Development, Fourth Year , No. 14, Fall 2017, 27-1.

61.The Mosaic Group. (1996–2004) The global diffusion of the Internet project. Online: http://mosaic.unomaha.edu/gdi.htm

62. The World Bank. (2002) Knowledge Assessment Matrix. Online: http://www1.worldbank.org/gdlnscripts/programs/kam2002/kamscript.exe/show_page.


63. United Nations Development Program. (2001) Human development report 2001. New York: Oxford University Press. Online: http://hdr.undp.org/reports/global/2001/en/pdf/techind ex.pdf


64. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). (2003) Information and communication technology (ICT) development indices. United Nations, New York, NY and Geneva,

Switzerland. Online: http://measuring-ict.unctad.org.

65.USAID.(2000)Information Communications Technology Country Assessment. Online: http://www.usaid.gov/regions/europe_eurasia/eeresour ces.html#IT

66. Van Dijk, Jan (2014). About me. Available at: http://www.utwente.nl/gw/ vandijk/me/.


67. Wikipedia. (2014). Network society. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/Neophobia


68. World Bank (W.B). (2004) Korea: SME E-Readiness questionnaire. Korea.

69.World Information Technology and Services Alliance(WITSA). (2000) International survey of electronic commerce. London: SIDA. Online: http://www.sida.s

70.Wander RM, Seiji I, Luiz E Z. Educational Data Mining: A review of evaluation process in the e-learning Telematics and Informatics.2018; 35, 6: 1701-1717.

71.Ziaeipour, E, Mohammadian, A, Khosh Alhan, F, Taghizadeh, A (2011), Framework of Dimensions of National Electronic Readiness Based on Systematic Approach, Management and Information Quarterly, Volume 3, Number 8, Fall 2011, pp. 114- 97.