سنخ شناسی فرهنگ سازمانی مدارس

محورهای موضوعی : آموزش و پرورش

مهناز تسلیمی ¹ , مقصود فراستخواه ² , نرگس حسن مرادی ³

1 - گروه مدیریت آموزشی- دانشکده مدیریت -دانشگاه تهران شمال- تهران- ایران
2 - دانشیار آموزش عالی، موسسه برنامه ریزی و پژوهش آموزش عالی ، وزارت علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران
3 - مدیر گروه مدیریت آموزشی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تهران شمال

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/04/10 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/10/08 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/09/01

کلید واژه: مدرسه, فرهنگ مدرسه, سنخ شناسی, فرهنگ سازمانی مدرسه,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف از این پژوهش، شناسایی الگوهای فرهنگ سازمانی مدارس با تمرکز بر سنخ شناسی آن بود که به عنوان یک راهنما برای مدیران مدارس در عصر تغییرات سریع، قابل بهره برداری باشد. این پژوهش کیفی از نوع تحلیلی-موردی با روش کتابخانه ای بود. جامعه مورد بررسی شامل منابع، تالیفات و پژوهش های معتبر چهار دهه اخیر در حوزه فرهنگ سازمانی مدارس داخل و خارج کشور بود که وفق کدواژه های تحقیق در دسترس بودند. نمونه قابل بررسی 308 مورد بود که از نظریه پردازی، ارائه مدل و سنخ شناسی برخوردار بودند. با روش تحلیل محتوایی و کدگذاری موضوعی، یافته ها در دو دسته سنخ شناسایی شدند. در طبقه بندی اول با نگاه رویکردشناسی در سه دسته(1.رویکرد کارکردگرایی 2.رویکرد فرآیند محور 3. رویکرد بهبود-اثربخشی) با هدف درک پدیده فرهنگ مدرسه و راهکارهایی جهت افزایش عملکرد مدرسه قرار دارند. در طبقه بندی دوم با نگاه روش شناسی پژوهش و کاربرد نتایج در سه گروه، مطالعات توصیفی ارزیابی، مطالعات همبستگی و مطالعات فرهنگ پژوهی مدرسه بود. این طیف سنخ شناسی نشان داد، مدرسه حسب عوامل و زمینه های موجود، دارای فرهنگ سازمانی خاص است و مدیران و رهبران آموزشی با شناخت جامع الگوها، می توانند کاشف و خالق فرهنگ سازمانی مثبت در مدرسه ها باشند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The purpose of this study was to identify patterns of organizational culture in schools, focusing on its typology, which could be used as a guide for school administrators in the rapid changes. This qualitative research was a kind of analytical-case study with a library method. The surveyed community included sources, compilations and authoritative researches of the last four decades in the field of organizational culture of schools inside and outside the country that were available in accordance with the search terms. A sample of 308 cases that provided theorizing, modeling, and typology. With content analysis and subject coding, the findings were identified in two categories. In the first category, the approach is based on three categories (1. Functionalism, 2. Process-driven approach, 3. Improvement-Efficiency approach) with the aim of understanding the phenomenon of school culture and strategies for increasing school performance. In the second category, with the methodological view of research and application of the results in three groups, descriptive evaluation studies, correlation studies and school culture studies. This typology shows that the school has a specific organizational culture, based on the factors and backgrounds, and that managers and educational leaders with a comprehensive understanding of patterns can be the discoverer and creator a positive organizational culture in schools.

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