بررسی مقایسه‌ای فرهنگ کار زنان ومردان

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه

سیروس احمدی ¹ (- استادیارهیئت علمی دانشگاه یاسوج)
لهراسب روستا ² (کارشناس ارشدجامعه شناسی دانشگاه آزاداسلامی واحدجهرم.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1394/09/24 تاریخ پذیرش : 1394/09/24 تاریخ انتشار : 1390/04/01

کلید واژه: دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی, جنسیت, فرهنگ کار, همکاری گروهی, تعهد کاری, کارمندان,

چکیده مقاله :

این پژوهش بررسی مقایسهای فرهنگ کار زنان و مردان کارکنان واحدهای منطقه‌ی یک دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی می-باشدکه با توجه بهافزایش تعداد کارکنان زن در ایران، هدف اساسی پژوهش این است که رابطه‌ی بین جنسیت و فرهنگ کار را بررسی نماید. این پژوهش به روش پیمایشی انجام شده و جامعه‌ی آماری آن کلیه‌ی کارمندان دانشگاههای آزاد منطقه‌ی یک کشور هستند که در سال 89-88 مشغول بکار بوده‌اند. در مجموع، 481 نفر از 26 دانشگاه به عنوان نمونه تعیین و با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش، پرسشنامه‌ای محقق ساخته است که ‌جهت تعیین اعتبار آن از اعتبار سازه به روش تحلیل عاملی و جهت تعیین پایایی آن از شیوه‌ی هماهنگی درونی به روش آلفا کرونباخ استفاده شده است. نتایج توصیفی پژوهش بیانگر آن هستند که فرهنگ کار کارکنان در سطح متوسطی است، اما یافته‌های تحلیلی پژوهش نشان می‌دهند که بین جنسیت و فرهنگ کار (مجموع ابعاد) تفاوت معنا داری وجود ندارد، اما بررسی رابطه‌ی جنسیت با هر یک از ابعاد فرهنگ کار نشان می‌دهد که زنان در مقایسه با مردان از همکاری گروهی بیش‌تری برخوردارند، اما تعهد کاری آنان کم‌تر از مردان است.  

چکیده انگلیسی:

The subject of this study is An investigation on gender differences in work culture.In regard to increasing of women employment in Iran, main purpose of this research is to investigate relationship between gender to work culture. Research method is cross-sectional survey, Statistical society is all of personnel of Islamic azad university of area 1 in which have been working in year of 1388-89. Totally 481 subjects were selected from 26 universities by means of simple random sampling. Measurement instrument is a researcher - made questionnaire that its validity was measured by construct validity with factor analysis and its reliability was determined through cronbach alpha. Research descriptive findings reveal; mean work culture is average among the persoonel. Research analytical findings also show; there is no significant difference between men and women in work culture (totally), but investigating relationship between gender to the dimensions of work culture demonstrates group cooperative of women is more than men and work commitment of men is more than women.  

منابع و مأخذ:

1-Ahmadi,H(2000)Social psychological approaches on gender differences in

deviancy behavior, Journal of Humanity faculty of isfahan university, No,22

&23, [Persian].

2- Atafar,A(1993)Organizational culture and its transformation,Tehran,Ministry

of labour & social affairs, [Persian].

3-Azad Armaki,T(2007) Iranian family sociology,Tehran,Samt,[Persian].

4-Bahrami,F(2006) Psychology of women occupation with focusing on Islamic

countries and international levels, Journal of Banovane Shiah, No,8,[Persian].

5-Giddens,A(2003) Sociology,London,Polity Press.

6-Hoseini,H(2005)Woman book,Tehran,Amirkabir Publishing[Persian].

7-Hyde,J,S(1981) How large are cognitive gender differences? American

Psychologist October PP 892, - 901.

8-International Labour Organization (2009) Global employment trends for

women, Genova, ILO.

9-Johns,G(1978) Attitudinal and nonattitudinal predictors of two forms of

absence from work, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance,

December, PP 431- 444.

10-Kar,M(2000)Women in Iranian work market,Tehran,Roshangaran, [Persian].

11-Khani,A(2005)Economic challenges of government,Journal of Political and

Economic,No, 213& 214[Persian]. 

12-Kirkcaldy, B, D. Furnham, A. Lynn, R (1992) National differences in

work attitudes between the UK and Germany, The European Work and

Organizational Psychologist,Vol 2, PP 81–102.

13-Madani,A,B(2006)Japanese work culture, Journal of Payame Bank,No, 459,

[Persian].

14-Mishell,A(2004)Feminism,Translated by H,Zanjanhzade, Tehran,Nika

publishing[Persian].

15-Meriac,J,P. Poling,T,L.Woher,D,J (2009) Are there gender differences in

work ethic? An examination of the measurement equivalence of the

multidimensional work ethic profile.

16-Moidfar,S(2004)An Investigation on work ethic and social factors

influencing on it among governmental emploees in tehran,Tehran,Cultural

revolution suptrme council, [Persian].

17-Moidfar,S(2001) Sociology of social problems,Hamadan,Noore elm

pulishing, [Persian].

18-Morgan,D,W. Krejeie,R,V (1970) Determining sample size for research

activities, Educational and Psychological Measurment,No 30,PP 607-610.

19-Pape,H. (2003). Transforming The Work Culture, Journal of Organizational

Behavior, 22 (2): 125- 139.

20-Petty, G, C. Hill, R, B (1994) Are women and men different? A study of the

occupational work ethic, Journal of Vocational Education Research,No 19,PP

71–89.

21-Petty,G.C.(1990).Development of The Occupational Work Ethic Inventory

,The University of Tennessee, Knoxville.

22-Robbins,S,P(1997)Organizational behavior,NewYork,Prentice Hall.

23-Robertson,i(1988)Society: a brief introduction,Worth Publisher.

24-Safiri,K(1998)Sociology of women occupation,Tehran,Tebyan publishing,

[Persian].

25-Sheikhi,M,T(2001) Sociology of women and family,Tehran,Sherkat sahami

enteshar , [Persian) ].

26-Sarafraz,L(2003)Economic reform and foreign investment in iran, Journal of

Political and Economic,No,193&194, [Persian].

27-Saroukhani,B(2000) An introduction to family sociology,Tehran,Soroush,

[Persian].

28-Segalen, M (1986) Historical anthropology of the family,Cambridge,

Cambridge University Press.

29-Smith,A. Noble,C (2004) The Impact of Organizational Change, Journal of

Training and Development, Vol 8 (2) ,PP 94- 110.

30-Spence, J, A. Helmreich, R, L (1983) Achievement related motives and

behavior, In J. A. Spence (Ed.), Achievement and achievement motives:

Psychological and social approaches. San Francisco, CA: Freeman. 

31- Statistical center of Iran(2007) General census of population and residence

in Iran,Tehran, Statistical center of Iran, [Persian].

32-Tavasoli,G(2001) Sociology of work and occupation,Tehran,Samt,[Persian].

33-Wollack, S. Goodale, J, G. Witjing, J, P. Smith, P, C (1971) Development of

the survey of work values, Journal of Applied Psychology,Vol 55, PP331–338.