مدل و تبيين موانع همگاني شدن ورزش بانوان، از ديدگاه اساتيد علوم ورزشي و بانوان کارمند شهر مشهد
محورهای موضوعی :فهیمه ریواده 1 , محمد علی قره 2 , الهام کریمی طرقبه 3 , راحله کاردوانی 4 , فریده هاشمیان 5 , شبنم علومی 6
1 - نویسنده مسئول، دانشجوي دکتري مطالعات زنان، گرايش حقوق زن، دانشگاه ادیان و مذاهب، قم، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه پیام نور، واحد قم، قم، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه پیام نور، واحد مشهد، مشهد، ایران
4 - دکتری مطالعات زنان، پژوهشگر پژوهشکدۀ مهرستان (مطالعات حکمرانی)، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
5 - گروه تکنولوژی پرتوشناسی، دانشکده علوم پیراپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
6 - گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران
کلید واژه: ورزش همگانی, بانوان, موانع ورزشی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف: ارائه مدل و تبیین موانع همگانی شدن ورزش بانوان از دیدگاه اساتید علوم ورزشی و بانوان شاغل در مشهد و ارائه الگویی که منجر به گسترش و توسعه شود.
روش: آمیخته (کیفی – کمی). جامعه آماري کیفی: 45 مقاله و 20 نفر خبره و متخصص علوم ورزشی که با نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند، جامعه آماری کمی: کلیه بانوان کارمند شهر مشهد، 384 نفر با نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای انتخاب شدند. جهت استخراج عناصر و گروه‌بندی آنها از روش تحليل تماتیک استفاده شد. مدل پيشنهادي با استفاده از معادلات ساختاري مبتني بر رويکرد حداقل مربعات جزئي مورد آزمون قرار گرفت. از مصاحبه ساختاریافته و نیمه‌ساختاریافته برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها استفاده و هفت مانع شناسایی شد.
یافته ها: هفت مانع شناسایی شده: فردی و جسمانی، خانوادگی، دینی و مذهبی، فرهنگی و اجتماعی، نگاه جنسیتی، کم‌کاری سازمان‌های ورزشی و سایر موانع: نداشتن برنامه جامع و مدون و کم‌توجهی به ورزش همگانی و رهبران سازمان‌های ورزشی به غیرتخصصی وضعیت را بدتر کرده‌اند و سیاست‌های حاکم بر ورزش همگانی بسیار نامشخص و روزمره طراحی شده. علت نداشتن دانش لازم و مدیریت استفاده بهينه‌اي از منابع سرمايه‌اي موجود كشور در ورزش بانوان به عمل نيامده. نوآوری و نقاط قوت تحقیق: عدم برنامه برای پیشرفت ورزش بانوان و عدم تصمیم‌گیری و برنامه‌ریزی برای ترغیب و تسهیل حضور حمایتگران مالی در ورزش همگانی بانوان و عدم جذابیت فعالیت‌های برنامه ورزش همگانی و عدم توجه به ورزش‌های بومی و محلی.
نتیجه‌گیری: نداشتن برنامه جامع و مدون و کم‌توجهی به ورزش همگانی بانوان و بخصوص بانوان کارمند سبب مشکلات جسمانی برای این قشر از جامعه شده است. در ثانی رهبران سازمان‌های ورزشی به علت نداشتن دانش لازم و مدیریت غیرتخصصی وضعیت را بدتر کرده‌اند.
Introduction: Introduction: To provide a model and explain the obstacles to the universalization of women's sports from the point of view of sports science professors and working women in Mashhad and to provide a model that leads to expansion and development.
Methods: mixed (qualitative-quantitative). Qualitative statistical population: 45 articles and 20 sports science experts who were selected by targeted sampling, quantitative statistical population: all female employees of Mashhad city, 384 people were selected by cluster sampling. In order to extract elements and group them from Thematic analysis method was used. The proposed model was tested using structural equations based on partial least squares approach. Structured and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data and seven barriers were identified.
Findings: seven identified obstacles: personal and physical, family, religious and religious, cultural and social, gender perspective, lack of work of sports organizations and other obstacles: lack of a comprehensive and codified program and lack of attention to public sports and leaders of sports organizations due to Not having the necessary knowledge and non-specialist management have worsened the situation and the policies governing public sports are very unclear and designed on a daily basis. Optimal use of the country's available capital resources has not been implemented in women's sports. Innovation and strengths of the research: lack of plan for the development of women's sports and lack of decision making and planning to encourage and facilitate the presence of financial sponsors in women's public sports and the lack of attractiveness of public sports program activities and lack of attention to native and local sports.
Conclusion: The lack of a comprehensive and codified program and lack of attention to public sports for women, especially women employees, has caused physical problems for this segment of the society. Secondly, the leaders of sports organizations have worsened the situation due to lack of necessary knowledge and unprofessional management.
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