مطالعه ی جامعه شناختی مسائل مرتبط با ازدواج مجدد زنان سرپرست خانوار
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه
زهرا محمدی
1
(استادیار گروه آموزشی دانشگاه پیام نور)
کلید واژه: زنان سرپرست خانوار, ازدواج مجدد, مسائل فرهنگی- اجتماعی,
چکیده مقاله :
این پژوهش به مطالعه مشکلات زنان سرپرست خانوار بدون همسر پرداخته و رابطه آن را با نگرش این دسته از زنان به ازدواج مجدد مورد بررسی قرار میدهد. روش پژوهش از نوع آمیخته است؛ در روش کیفی ابتدا با 18 نفر از این افراد مصاحبه نیمهساختاریافته انجام و مسائل فرهنگی- اجتماعی مرتبط با ازدواج مجدد از دید زنان سرپرست خانوار بدون همسر استخراج و شاخصسازی شد. در روش کمی پرسشنامهای تنظیم و توسط 510 زن سرپرست خانوار استان تهران(با نمونهگیری گلوله برفی و از طریق نهادهای حمایتی) تکمیل گردید. یافتههای کیفی نشان داد زنان مورد مطالعه گرایش بالایی به ازدواج دارند و مهمترین مشکلاتشان، نیازهای عاطفی، امنیتی، اقتصادی، جنسی و فرهنگی- اجتماعی است که شاخصسازی شد و همبستگی آنها با نگرش به ازدواج مورد آزمون قرار گرفت؛ نیاز جنسی، عاطفی، عوامل فرهنگی اجتماعی و نیاز امنیتی بهترتیب بیشترین تاثیر را بر نگرش به ازدواج داشت و نیاز اقتصادی نگرش به ازدواج را تبیین نکرد. نتیجه اینکه اهمیت مسائل اقتصادی در ازدواج کمرنگتر از بقیه عوامل بود زیرا ازدواج احساس و نیاز درونی است. بنابراین در بازنگری سیاست توانمندسازی زنان سرپرست خانوار علاوه بر توجه به مسائل اقتصادی و اشتغال، شرایط تسهیل برای ازدواج مجدد آنها ضرورت مییابد.
This study investigates the problems of non-spouse-headed households and examines its relationship with the attitude of these women to remarriage. The research method is mixed; in the qualitative method, 18 semi-structured interviews were conducted with these individuals and the socio-cultural issues related to remarriage were extracted and indexed from the point of view of non-spouses. In a quantitative method, questionnaire was adjusted and completed by 510 female headed households in Tehran province (through snowball sampling and through supportive institutions). Qualitative findings showed that women surveyed tended to marry and their most important problems were emotional, security, economic, sexual and cultural-social needs that were indexed and their correlation with marital attitude was tested; Sexual and emotional needs, cultural factors and social security had the most impact on the attitude toward marriage and did not explain the economic need for marriage. The result is that the importance of economic issues in marriage is less than the other factors, because marriage is a feeling and an inner need. Therefore, in reviewing the empowerment policy of female head of households, in addition to addressing economic and employment issues, the conditions for facilitating their re-marriage are necessary.
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