بررسی عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر تمایل به باروری در بین زنان 18- 40 سال شهر ایلام

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه

الهه فرجی ¹ (دانش آموخته‌ی کارشناسی ارشد جامعه شناسی دانشگاه الزهراء، تهران، ایران.)
خدیجه سفیری ² (دکتری جامعه شناسی ، استاد تمام و مدیر گروه دانتشکده علوم اجتماعی و اقتصاد دانشگاه الزهراء ، تهران، ایران.)
افسانه کمالی ³ (دکتری جامعه شناسی ، دانشیار گروه دانتشکده علوم اجتماعی و اقتصاد دانشگاه الزهراء ، تهران، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/05/05 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/09/05 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/09/01

کلید واژه: عوامل اجتماعی, مدیریت بدن, تمایل به باروری, یادگیری اجتماعی,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی میزان تمایل به باروری زنان همسردار 40-18 سال شهر ایلام و عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر آن است. روش پژوهش، پیمایش است. پیمایش با نمونه­ی 190 نفری (با توجه به واریانس به­دست آمده و استفاده از فرمول کوکران)، با روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای و ابزار پرسش­نامه و تکنیک مصاحبه انجام شده‌است. سپس، داده‌ها با نرم افزار SPSS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته‌ها حاکی از آن است که میزان تمایل به باروری در بین زنان شهر ایلام زیر حد جایگزینی قرار دارد. در تحلیل رگرسیون چند متغیره نیز متغیرهای نقش منفی ماهواره و تلویزیون بر داشتن تعداد فرزندان زیاد، نقش مثبت تلویزیون بر داشتن تعداد فرزندان زیاد، دلسردکردن از طریق خانواده و اطرافیان، تبلیغات مثبت شبکه‌های مجازی، ورزش عمومی و سن پاسخگو، 7/43 درصد از واریانس میزان تمایل به باروری را تبیین می‌کنند. در تحلیل مسیر، شاخص نقش مثبت تلویزیون بر داشتن تعداد فرزندان زیاد، بیشترین تأثیر (323/0) و شاخص ورزش عمومی کمترین تأثیر (124/0) را بر میزان تمایل به باروری دارند. در مجموع، نظریه‌های یادگیری اجتماعی و مدیریت بدن جهت تبیین رابطه­ی عوامل اجتماعی با میزان تمایل به باروری مناسب به نظر می‌رسند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The purpose of the present study is to investigate tendency to fertility among women of 18-25 years old in Ilam city and the social factors influencing it. The method of the study is survey. The survey was run with 190 persons (with regard to the achieved variance and Cochran formula) using cluster sampling, questionnaire and interview technique. Then, data were analyzed using SPSS. Findings show that the tendency to fertility among the women in Ilam city is under the replacement rate. In multi- variable regression analysis also 43/7 percent of variance of degree of tendency to fertility is determined by variables including the negative role of satellite and TV on having many children, the positive role of TV on having many children, discouragement from family and others, positive advertisement of social networks, public sport, and the age of respondent are among the contributing factors. In analyzing the path, the index of positive role of TV on having many children has the highest effect (0/323) and the index of public sport has the lowest effect (0/124) on tendency to fertility. Totally, theories of social learning, and body management is appropriate for specifying the relationship between social factors and tendency to fertility.

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