بررسی شاخصهای هویت فضایی در بازارهای ایران ( مطالعه موردی بازارهای دزفول و شوشتر)

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

حامد حیاتی ¹ (استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران)
اعظم نصراللهی نیا ² (دانشجو دکتری، جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/12/06 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/06/07 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/05/01

کلید واژه: بازار, شهر ایرانی, هویت فضایی, دزفول, شوشتر,

چکیده مقاله :

با نگاهی به بافت تاریخی این نکته مشهود است که شکل‌گیری و حیات آن بر پایه اصول خاص مرتبط با اقلیم شهر و فرهنگ ایرانی بوده و کالبد آن در تداومی تاریخی، فرهنگی، اجتماعی و محیطی به صورت هماهنگ و منسجم درآمده است، از این رو از هویت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. هویت فرهنگی به عنوان عامل جهت‌دهنده، موجب خلق شیوه‌های منحصر به فرد در معماری سنتی شهر‌هایی نظیر شوشتر و دزفول شده است. در این میان می‌توان به معماری بازار‌ها به عنوان کانون فعالیت‌های اجتماعی و فرهنگی شهر‌های ایران اشاره نمود. پژوهش پیش رو با هدف بررسی شاخص‌های هویت فضایی در بازار سنتی دزفول و شوشتر تلاش دارد تا با شناسایی این شاخص‌ها و بکارگیری آن‌ها در بازار‌های سنتی ایرانی در راستای تداوم بخشی به حفظ هویت در فضای شهری امروزی دست یابد. روش تحقیق توصیفی – تاریخی با رویکرد کیفی است که با تحلیل اطلاعات حاصل از مشاهدات می‌دانی، مصاحبه، استفاده از منابع اسنادی و نقشه‌ها به مطالعه ماهیت هویت در بازار‌های سنتی دزفول و شوشتر پرداخته است. بر اساس یافته‌های تحقیق، پیوستگی و ترکیب سه مؤلفه اصلی شامل ابعاد شکلی، معنایی و اجتماعی که در قالب 19 شاخص تنظیم و ارایه شده، عامل هویت بخش به فضای بافت بازار‌های سنتی تاریخی دزفول و شوشتر است. به گونه‌ای که این ویژگی‌ها منجر به ایجاد فضا‌هایی با هویت شده که می‌تواند حس تعلق خاطر را به انسان حاضر در محیط القا نماید و در نهایت باعث یگانگی انسان با محیط پیرامونی خویش شود. در واقع یکی از راه‌های حفظ و احیای هویت در شهر و عناصر شهری، حفظ تداوم فرهنگی میان امروز، دیروز و فردای شهر است و این تداوم فرهنگی از طریق شناخت مفاهیم و اصول هویت بخش به فضا‌های شهری در شهر‌های تاریخی ایران و بکارگیری آن‌ها در طراحی فضا‌های شهری جدید امکان‌پذیر است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Looking at the historical context, it is obvious that their formation and life are based on special principles related to the city's climate and Iranian culture, and its body has become harmonious and coherent in historical, cultural, social and environmental continuity. Ro has a special personality and identity. Cultural identity as a guiding factor has led to the emergence of unique methods in the traditional architecture of cities such as Shushtar and Dezful. Among these, we can mention the architecture of markets as the center of social and cultural activities in Iranian cities. The present study aims to investigate the indicators of spatial identity in the traditional markets of Dezful and Shushtar in order to identify these indicators and use them in traditional Iranian markets in order to maintain identity in today's urban space. The research method is descriptive-historical with a qualitative approach that has studied the nature of identity in the traditional markets of Dezful and Shushtar by analyzing the information obtained from field observations, interviews, using documentary sources and maps.
According to the research findings, the continuity and combination of three main components, including formal, semantic and social dimensions, which are set and presented in the form of 19 indicators, is the identifying factor to the texture space of traditional historical markets of Dezful and Shushtar. In such a way that these characteristics have led to the creation of spaces with identity that can instill a sense of belonging to the human being in the environment and ultimately cause the unity of human beings with their surroundings. In fact, one of the ways to preserve and revive identity in the city and urban elements is to maintain cultural continuity between today, yesterday and tomorrow, and this cultural continuity by recognizing the concepts and principles of identifying urban spaces in Iran's historic cities and using it. It is possible to design new urban spaces.

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