بررسی شاخصهای هویت فضایی در بازارهای ایران ( مطالعه موردی بازارهای دزفول و شوشتر)

الموضوعات : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

حامد حیاتی ¹ , اعظم نصراللهی نیا ²

1 - استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران
2 - دانشجو دکتری، جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران

تاريخ الإرسال : 12 الأربعاء , رجب, 1442 تاريخ التأكيد : 21 الأحد , محرم, 1443 تاريخ الإصدار : 05 الأحد , محرم, 1445

الکلمات المفتاحية: بازار, شهر ایرانی, هویت فضایی, دزفول, شوشتر,

ملخص المقالة :

با نگاهی به بافت تاریخی این نکته مشهود است که شکل‌گیری و حیات آن بر پایه اصول خاص مرتبط با اقلیم شهر و فرهنگ ایرانی بوده و کالبد آن در تداومی تاریخی، فرهنگی، اجتماعی و محیطی به صورت هماهنگ و منسجم درآمده است، از این رو از هویت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. هویت فرهنگی به عنوان عامل جهت‌دهنده، موجب خلق شیوه‌های منحصر به فرد در معماری سنتی شهر‌هایی نظیر شوشتر و دزفول شده است. در این میان می‌توان به معماری بازار‌ها به عنوان کانون فعالیت‌های اجتماعی و فرهنگی شهر‌های ایران اشاره نمود. پژوهش پیش رو با هدف بررسی شاخص‌های هویت فضایی در بازار سنتی دزفول و شوشتر تلاش دارد تا با شناسایی این شاخص‌ها و بکارگیری آن‌ها در بازار‌های سنتی ایرانی در راستای تداوم بخشی به حفظ هویت در فضای شهری امروزی دست یابد. روش تحقیق توصیفی – تاریخی با رویکرد کیفی است که با تحلیل اطلاعات حاصل از مشاهدات می‌دانی، مصاحبه، استفاده از منابع اسنادی و نقشه‌ها به مطالعه ماهیت هویت در بازار‌های سنتی دزفول و شوشتر پرداخته است. بر اساس یافته‌های تحقیق، پیوستگی و ترکیب سه مؤلفه اصلی شامل ابعاد شکلی، معنایی و اجتماعی که در قالب 19 شاخص تنظیم و ارایه شده، عامل هویت بخش به فضای بافت بازار‌های سنتی تاریخی دزفول و شوشتر است. به گونه‌ای که این ویژگی‌ها منجر به ایجاد فضا‌هایی با هویت شده که می‌تواند حس تعلق خاطر را به انسان حاضر در محیط القا نماید و در نهایت باعث یگانگی انسان با محیط پیرامونی خویش شود. در واقع یکی از راه‌های حفظ و احیای هویت در شهر و عناصر شهری، حفظ تداوم فرهنگی میان امروز، دیروز و فردای شهر است و این تداوم فرهنگی از طریق شناخت مفاهیم و اصول هویت بخش به فضا‌های شهری در شهر‌های تاریخی ایران و بکارگیری آن‌ها در طراحی فضا‌های شهری جدید امکان‌پذیر است.

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