عملکرد زیست محیطی مناطق 22 گانه کلانشهر تهران براساس رویکرد شهر سبز

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

مهدی جیررودی ¹ (دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
رحیم سرور ² (استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
مهرداد نوابخش ³ (استاد گروه جامعه شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/04/23 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/10/11 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/09/01

کلید واژه: عملکرد زیست محیطی, مناطق 22 گانه کلانشهر تهران, رویکرد شهر سبز, آنتروپی و تاپسیس,

چکیده مقاله :

شهرنشینی دومین انقلاب تاریخ بشر، سبب شکل گیری شهرهایی شده است که امروزه بعنوان عاملان اصلی ناپایداری در جهان، دچار تاثیرات عمیقی در روند توسعه شده اند و چالش های زیست محیطی، تاثیرات منفی زیادی بر کارآیی و عملکرد توسعه آنها داشته است. کلانشهر تهران بعنوان پایتخت و بزرگترین شهر کشور، در دهه های اخیر شاهد دگرگونی های متعددی بویژه در عرصه زیست محیطی بوده و الگوی توسعه شهری و روند آن در این کلانشهر، بیش از آن که متأثر از نتیجه عملکرد یک مدیریت منسجم باشد، بیشتر حاصل فشارهای فزآینده عوامل مختلفی است که الگوی شهری حاضر را رقم زده است. ازاینرو جهت برون رفت از پیامدهای مخرب الگوها و رویکردهای سنتی و متفاوت توسعه در تهران، بکارگیری رهیافت های سازگار با محیط زیست همچون رویکرد شهر سبز؛ در روند توسعه و دستیابی به توسعه پایدار شهری در این کلانشهر، اهمیت بسزایی دارد. پژوهش حاضر از حیث نوع، نظری – کاربردی، از لحاظ روش مطالعه، توصیفی – تحلیلی و از نظر شیوه گردآوری اطلاعات، پیمایشی – کتابخانه ای و از طریق پرسشنامه و جامعه آماری آن شامل 50 نفر از اساتید و متخصصان برنامه ریزی شهری می باشد. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی عملکرد زیست محیطی مناطق 22 گانه کلانشهر تهران و رتبه بندی مناطق مذکور براساس رویکرد شهر سبز، معیارها و شاخص های آن و در نهایت ارائه راهکارهای موثر جهت دستیابی به توسعه پایدار شهری در مناطق مذکور می باشد. بنابراین با بهره گیری از روش آنتروپی به وزندهی 32 شاخص کمی در قالب 6 معیار پرداخته و سپس با استفاده از تکنیک تاپسیس، عملکرد زیست محیطی مناطق 22 گانه بوسیله رتبه بندی آنها، تعیین گردید. براین اساس، مناطق 22، 8 و 12 بترتیب در مطلوبترین و مناطق 6، 17 و 10 در نامطلوبترین وضعیت عملکرد زیست محیطی براساس رویکرد شهر سبز قرار داشته اند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Urbanization, the second revolution in human history has led to the formation of cities that today, as the main causes of instability in the world have been profoundly affected by the development process and environmental challenges, with this having had many negative effects on the efficiency and performance of their development. The metropolis of Tehran, as the capital and largest city of the country, in recent decades has witnessed many changes, especially in the field of environment, and the pattern of urban development and its trend in this metropolis, more than the result of a cohesive management, has been mostly the result of the continuous increasing pressure of various factors that have shaped the current urban pattern. Therefore, in order to get out of the destructive consequences of traditional and different development patterns and approaches in Tehran, using environmentally friendly approaches such as the green city approach, has a very significant role in the process of development and achievement of sustainable urban development in this metropolis. The present research is theoretical- applied in type, descriptive-analytical in terms of study method and survey-library in terms of data collection method, which was done through administering a questionnaire. The statistical population includes 50 professors and urban planning specialists. The purpose of this study is to investigate the environmental performance of the 22 metropolitan areas of Tehran and ranking the mentioned areas based on the green city approach, its criteria and indicators, and finally to provide effective solutions to achieve sustainable urban development in these areas. Therefore, using entropy method, 32 quantitative indicators were weighed in the form of 6 criteria and then, using TOPSIS technique, the environmental performance of 22 regions was determined by ranking them. Accordingly, areas 22, 8 and 12 were the most favorable and areas 6, 17 and 10 had the most unfavorable environmental performance, respectively, based on the green city approach.

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