بررسی تاثیر ویژگی‌های محیط مصنوع بر فعالیت بدنی و پیاده‌روی شهروندان در شهر مشهد

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

سید هادی حسینی ¹ (استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، مرکز پژوهشی جغرافیایی و اجتماعی دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/12/27 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/10/04 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/05/01

کلید واژه: مشهد, پیاده روی, محیط مصنوع, فعالیت بدنی,

چکیده مقاله :

با آشکارشدن تاثیرات روزافزون فعالیت بدنی و تحرک بر سلامت افراد و به طور خاص شهرنشینان، مطالعه ارتباط میان ویژگی-های محیط مصنوع شهری با فعالیت بدنی و تحرک شهروندان، مورد علاقه پژوهشگران متعددی قرار گرفته است. بر این اساس، هدف این پژوهش نیز، مطالعه تاثیر ویژگی‌های محیط مصنوع شهری بر فعالیت بدنی و پیاده‌روی شهروندان در شهر مشهد می‌باشد. نوع پژوهش، توسعه‌ای– کاربردی است و به لحاظ روش‌شناسی، پژوهش در تقسیم بندی کلان در دسته تحقیقات توصیفی و در زیر مجموعه پژوهش‌های موردی، پیمایشی و همبستگی قرار دارد. برای سنجش ویژگی‌های محیط مصنوع از شاخص‌های اختلاط کاربری اراضی، تراکم جمعیت و قابلیت پیاده‌مداری استفاده گردید. جامعه آماری شهروندان 25 سال به بالای شهر مشهد و نمونه آماری برابر با 1022 نفر از شهروندان در 16 محله شهر می‌باشد. نتایج نشان داد که نزدیک به نیمی از افراد عملاً در هیچ گونه فعالیت بدنی شرکت نداشته‌اند و حدود 41 درصد نیز روزانه کمتر از نیم ساعت پیاده‌روی داشته‌اند. در محلات مورد مطالعه، هیچ-گونه ارتباط معنی داری میان فعالیت بدنی و پیاده‌روی روزانه افراد با اختلاط کاربری اراضی وجود ندارد. همچنین میان تراکم جمعیت با شدت فعالیت بدنی (شارکی) رابطه‌ی آماری معنی‌داری مشاهده نگردید، اما میان تراکم جمعیت با میزان پیاده روی روزانه افراد، رابطه معنی‌دار و معکوسی وجود دارد و نهایتاً، نتایج نشان داد که در محلات مورد بررسی میان قابلیت پیاده‌مداری با میزان پیاده روی روزانه افراد و فعالیت بدنی افراد بر مبنای شاخص شارکی رابطه‌ی معنی‌داری وجود ندارد. با توجه به آنکه نتایج این پژوهش با یافته‌های پژوهش لطفی و نیک پور و دیگران متفاوت می‌باشد، ضرورت مطالعات تجربی بیشتر در این خصوص ضروری می‌باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The research of the relationship between the characteristics of the urban Built environment with physical activity and citizen mobility has attracted the interest of many researchers as it reveals the increasing effects of physical activity and mobility on the health of individuals and especially urban dwellers. Accordingly, the objective of this research is to study the effect of urban built environment on physical activity and walking of citizens in Mashhad. Research is a developmental-applied research. Methodologically, and in the category of macro, it falls into descriptive researches and in subdivisions of case studies, surveys, and correlations. Land use mix, population density and Walkability indices were used to assess the Built environment. Statistical Society is up to 25 old of Mashhad citizens and sample size is 1022 in 16 neighborhoods. The results showed that nearly half of the people practically did not participate in any physical activity and about 41% had less than half an hour of daily walking. In the studied areas, there was no significant relationship between physical activity (Sharkey Physical Activity Index) and daily walking with land use mix. Also, there was no significant relationship between population density and physical activity intensity (Sharkey Physical Activity Index), but there was a significant and inverse relationship between population density and daily walking and finally, there was no significant relationship between walkability and daily walking and physical activity based on the Sharkey index. Since the results of this study are different from those of Lotfi (2012) and Nikpour et al., (2017), further experimental studies are necessary.

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