بهینه‏ سازی چندهدفه و مدیریت تخصیص پساب تصفیه‏ شده به منظور آبیاری فضای‏ سبز شهری

محورهای موضوعی : مقالات برگرفته از پایان نامه

سیدعلی کاظمی نژادفرد ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
اکرم الملوک لاهیجانیان ² (استاد، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، گروه مدیریت محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
محمدرضا نیکو ³ (دانشیار دانشکده مهندسی، بخش مهندسی عمران و معماری، دانشگاه سلطان قابوس، مسقط، عمان)
امیرحسام حسنی ⁴ (استاد، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/10/11 تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/11/19 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/11/01

کلید واژه: مدیریت منابع آب, فضای سبز شهری, بهینه‌سازی چندهدفه, پویایی سیستم, پساب تصفیه‌شده,

چکیده مقاله :

چکیده
مقدمه: کشور ایران از جمله کشورهای خشک و کم‌آب جهان محسوب می­شود که تأمین آب شرب در بسیاری از شهرهای آن، یکی از معضلات اصلی مدیریت منابع آب شهری می­باشد. در این راستا، یکی از مناسب­ترین روش‌ها برای مبارزه با کم‌آبی، کاهش و محدودسازی استفاده از آب‌های با کیفیت بالا در آبیاری فضای‌ سبز می باشد. لذا نیاز به مدیریت مؤثر در برنامه­ریزی­های کلان شهری در بخش مدیریت منابع آب فضای سبز شهری، به­ویژه در فصل­های گرم سال بیش از پیش احساس می­شود. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بهینه­سازی چندهدفه و مدیریت تخصیص پساب تصفیه­شده با استفاده از مدل های پویایی سیستم (سیستم داینامیک) به­منظور آبیاری فضای سبز شهری در کلان­شهر شیراز می­باشد.
روش­: بدین منظور، عوامل مؤثر بر تأمین منابع آب و آبیاری فضای سبز شهر شیراز، شبیه­سازی شده و با توجه به آن، پیش‌بینی مصارف و میزان منابع در دسترس و بهینه­سازی تخصیص، ارائه شده است. هم­چنین، در پژوهش حاضر، عوامل مؤثر در شرایط فعلی و آینده که می­تواند بر مدل پیشنهادی تأثیرگذار باشد، مورد توجه قرار گرفته و دو سناریو افزایش بازده آبیاری فضای سبز و استفاده از پساب تصفیه­شده اعمال گردیده است.
یافته­ ها: نتایج نشان دادند که افزایش بازده آبیاری از طریق مدیریت انتقال، ذخیره و توزیع آب و هم­چنین آبیاری در ساعات مناسب، تأثیر به مراتب بیش­تری در مقایسه با استفاده از پساب تصفیه‌شده به منظور کاهش برداشت از منابع محدود کنونی خواهد داشت؛ به­گونه­ای که با افزایش راندمان آبیاری به میزان 40 و 50 درصد به­ترتیب مقدار 14 و 39 درصد از کمبودهای آبی برطرف می­شود.
نتیجه­ گیری: نتایج شبیه­سازی نشان داد که به­منظور رسیدن به پایداری سامانه باید ترکیبی از انواع سناریوهای کاهش سرانه­ مصرف آب فضای سبز، افزایش بازده آبیاری، استفاده از پساب تصفیه‌شده و فضاهای خشک­منظر در توسعه فضاهای شهری مدنظر قرار گیرد. 

چکیده انگلیسی:

Abstract
Introduction: Effective management in metropolitan planning of urban green space water resources is very important due to the rapid growth of urbanization and the limitation of water resources. The purpose of this research is multi-objective optimization and management of treated wastewater allocation using dynamic system models for urban green space irrigation in Shiraz metropolis.
Methods: The factors affecting the supply of water resources and irrigation of the green spaces of Shiraz city have been simulated and according to that, the consumption forecast and the number of available resources and the allocation optimization have been presented. Also, in the current research, effective factors in the current and future conditions that can affect the proposed model have been taken into consideration, and two scenarios have been applied, including increasing the efficiency of green space irrigation and the use of treated wastewater.
Results: The results showed that increasing the efficiency of irrigation through management of transfer, storage and distribution of water and also irrigation at the right times has a much greater effect compared to the use of purified wastewater in order to reduce the extraction of limited resources. In such a way, by increasing the irrigation efficiency by 40% and 50%, respectively, 14% and 39% of water shortages will be solved.
Conclusion: The simulation results showed that in order to achieve the stability of the system, a combination of scenarios of reducing per capita water consumption in green spaces, increasing irrigation efficiency, using purified wastewater and dry landscaped spaces should be considered in the development of urban spaces.

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