القای مقاومت و بررسی تغییرات فنل و پراکسیداز در گیاهان گوجه فرنگی تیمار شده با Bacillus subtilis و سالیسیلیک اسید در برابر پژمردگی فوزاریومی و نماتد مولد گره ریشه
محورهای موضوعی : دو فصلنامه تحقیقات بیماریهای گیاهیسمانه دشتی پور 1 , نوازاله صاحبانی 2 , حشمت اله امینیان 3
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشیار، گروه گیاهپزشکی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
3 - دانشیار، گروه گیاهپزشکی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: پراکسیداز, فوزاریوم, سالیسیلیک اسید, فنل, Meloidogyne,
چکیده مقاله :
در این مقاله، اثر Bacillus subtilis و سالیسیلیک اسید در تغییرات بیوشیمیایی و تغییر فعالیت آنزیم های دفاعی گیاه گوجه فرنگی در برابر دو بیماری مهم ناشی از نماتد مولدگره ریشه (Meloidogyne javanica) و قارچ Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در یک آزمایش گلخانه ای به منظور ارزیابی ثر سالیسیلیک اسید و B. subtilis در القای نشانگرهای مقاومت، شامل آنزیم پراکسیداز و محتوای فنل کل در گوجه فرنگی آلوده به این دو بیماری طراحی شد. B. subtilis به عنوان عامل محرک زنده در غلظت ml/cfu 109 و سالیسیلیک اسید به عنوان یک القاء کننده شیمیایی در غلظت 5 میلی مولار، قبل از تیمارها با عوامل بیماری زا به کار رفتند. نتایج نشان داد سالیسیلیک اسید و B. subtilis در تیمار ترکیبی وکاربرد جداگانه، هریک به طور موثری منجر به افزایش فعالیت پراکسیداز و محتوای فنل نسبت به تیمارآلوده به فوزاریوم و نماتد و شاهد شدند و می توانند به صورت توام به عنوان یک روش ایمن و موثر در کنترل این دو بیماری مورد بررسی قرار بگیرند. بالاترین سطح فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز و فنل کل به ترتیب در روز پنجم و هفتم بعد از تلقیح پاتوژن ها بود.
In this paper, effects of Bacillus subtilis and salicylic acid on changes in biochemical and defense enzyme activity of tomato plant against two important pathogens Meloidogyne javanica and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici, was evaluated. A greenhouse experiment was designed in order to assess the effect of salicylic acid and B. subtilisin the induction of resistance markers, including peroxidase andtotal phenol content. B. subtilis was used as live stimulator at concentration 109 CFU/ml and salicylic acid as a chemical inducer at concentration 5mμ before treatment with pathogens. The results showed that application of salicylic acid and B. subtilis in combination and also when applied singly, effectively increased peroxidase activity and total phenol compared to treatments of Fusarium (F), nematode (M) and control (C). The activity of peroxidase and the phenol content of the plant reach to its highest level at the fifth and seventh day after inoculation with the pathogens, respectively. It is suggested to further investigate the use of bacillus and SA in different combinations as a safe and effective method to control this complex disease.
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