نقش بیمه درآمد در مدیریت ریسک کشاورزان(مطالعه موردی: پنبه کاران شهرستان داراب)

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی -پژوهشی تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی

مهدی فرزین ¹ , جواد ترکمانی ² , سید نعمت الله موسوی ³

1 - کارشناس ارشد اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مرودشت
2 - استاد اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مرودشت
3 - دانشیار اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مرودشت

تاریخ دریافت : 1394/09/25 تاریخ پذیرش : 1394/09/25 تاریخ انتشار : 1391/10/01

کلید واژه: مدیریت ریسک, بیمه درآمد, پنبه کاران, شهرستان داراب,

چکیده مقاله :

فعالیت‌های کشاورزی معمولا همراه با ریسک ناشی از نوسانات درآمدی می‌باشد. لذا راهکارهای مدیریتی می‌تواند در جهت کاهش این نوسانات مفید باشد. بیمه‌ی درآمدی با کاهش نوسانات مربوط به قیمت و تولید محصولات کشاورزی، می‌تواند این تغییرات احتمالی را مدیریت نماید. هدف این مطالعه، طراحی الگوی بیمه‌ی درآمد به-منظور کاهش نوسانات درآمدی پنبه‌کاران شهرستان داراب است. اطلاعات مورد نیاز با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی چندمرحله‌ای از نمونه‌ای شامل 50 نفر از پنبه‌کاران شهرستان داراب از طریق تکمیل پرسشنامه جمع‌آوری گردید. به‌منظور پیش‌بینی مقادیر آینده‌ی متغیرهای قیمت، عملکرد و درآمد محصول پنبه از داده‌های سری زمانی منابع مختلف از جمله اتحادیه تعاونی پنبه‌کاران و سازمان جهاد کشاورزی شهرستان داراب جمع‌آوری گردید، استفاده شد. به‌منظور محاسبه‌ی حق بیمه‌ی درآمدی از روش شبیه‌ساز آماری موسوم به Bootstrapping استفاده گردید. نتایج مربوط به محاسبه‌ی حق بیمه‌های درآمدی، با دو فرض اعمال مستقیم و غیرمستقیم رابطه‌ی قیمت و عملکرد مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت و در نهایت مشخص شد که با توجه به منفی بودن ضریب همبستگی بین قیمت و عملکرد، اعمال مستقیم رابطه‌ی قیمت و عملکرد در مقایسه با حالتی که این رابطه به‌طور غیر مستقیم در نظرگرفته می‌شود، باعث کاهش مقادیر حق بیمه‌های درآمدی می‌گردد. با مقایسه‌ی حق بیمه‌های دریافتی فعلی از سوی صندوق بیمه‌ی محصولات کشاورزی شهرستان داراب و مقادیر حق بیمه‌های درآمدی محاسبه شده، برتری طرح بیمه‌ی درآمدی نسبت به طرح بیمه عملکرد در این شهرستان به‌منظور ارائه‌ی یک طرح جامع بیمه محصولات کشاورزی به اثبات رسید. مقادیر حق بیمه درآمدی برای گروه کم درآمد 9/8178 ریال و برای گروه پردرآمد 1/256045 ریال با در نظر گرفتن ضریب بارگذاری 9/. و اعطای یارانه 65 درصد از سوی دولت محاسبه گردید. در پایان پیشنهاداتی در جهت مدیریت مناسب مخاطرات و نحوه صحیح اجرای طرح بیمه‌ی درآمدی در شهرستان ارائه شده است که از مهم‌ترین آنها می‌توان به ایجاد یک تعامل دو طرفه بین کشاورز و بیمه‌گذار و همچنین انتخاب طرح بیمه‌ی درآمدی به‌عنوان راهکار نهایی برای گروه کم‌درآمد اشاره نمود.  

چکیده انگلیسی:

Agricultural activities have been always faced with production, price and income fluctuations. At the time, attention to management procedures can be very useful in order to reducing these fluctuations. Income insurance with covering risks due to fluctuations in prices and production, able to covered the fluctuations of crop income. The purpose of this study is to design income insurance in order to reducing the income fluctuations of Darab cotton tillers. Required information were collected through questionnaire which was conducted in a sample 50 Darab cotton farmers by a multi stage sampling random method. Furthermore, due to forecasting futures values, time series data that collected from various recourse of cotton tillers cooperative union and agriculture organization was used. For computing the insurance premiums, a statistic simulation method called bootstrapping was used. The results relative to computed income insurance premiums, analyzed with two hypotheses such as direct and indirect relationships between yield and price. Ultimately, it became clear that applying direct relationship between yield and price due to negative correlations of these two variables can cause reduction of income insurance. Comparing the present value with computed income insurance premiums showed the superiority of income insurance scheme. The value of income insurance premiums for poor and rich farmers with assumptions "0.9 loading coefficient and 65% government subsides", computed 0.81789 and 25.60451 dollars respectively. At the end its presented suggestion to aim the appropriate risks management. The most important suggestion is creation a bilateral solidarity between farmer and insurer, Another one is election of income insurance scheme as final policy for poor group.  

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