چکیده مقاله :
آزادسازی تجاری به عنوان نماد جهانی شدن در دنیای کنونی، بخش ها و متغیرهای گوناگون اقتصادی را تحت ت أثیر قرار داده است که یکی از متغیرهای مهم در این زمینه اشتغال است . در ایران، سهم مهمی از اشتغال کل اقتصاد به بخش کشاورزی اختصاص دارد . بنابراین ، بررسی و شناخت عوامل موثر بر اشتغال بخش کشاورزی ضروری بنظر می رسد. با توجه به اهمیت موضوع، این مطالعه اثر آزادساز ی تجاری را بر اشتغال کشاورزی ایران مورد بررسی قرار داده است . به این 1350 مورد برآورد - منظور، تابع تقاضای نیروی کار در بخش کشاورزی برای دوره ی زمانی 1386 قرار گرفت و از الگوهای تصحیح خطا و هم جمعی جوهانسون - جوسیلیوس برای بدست آوردن روابط کوتاه مدت و بلندمدت بین متغیرها استفاده گردید . بر اساس یافته های پژوهش، آزادسازی تجاری در کوتاه مدت و بلندمدت تأثیر منفی بر اشتغال بخش کشاورزی ایران داشته است . لذ ا، سیاستگذاری ها و برنامه ریزیها در کشور باید به گون ه ای باشد که آثار منفی و تهدیدهای ناشی از آزادسازی تجاری بر اشتغال بخش کشاورزی ایران را کمینه کند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of government expenditure on value added of agricultural and industrial sectors. To achieve the objective, Vector Autoregressive approach, causality analysis and Impulse Response Function analysis were used. The data collected from different sources including Iranian Statistical Center and Central Bank. Results of the study showed that causality is from government expenditure to agriculture value added, indicating positive impact of government expenditure on agricultural value added in the short run. It was also found that in short run government expenditure affects value added, export and investment of the industrial sector positively and significantly. Given the positive impact of the government expenditure on investment in agriculture, in both short and long-run, it is concluded that government expenditure in infrastructures results in improved transportation system which in turn, encourage more investment in agricultural sector.
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