اولویت بندی و بررسی ابعاد اقتصادی- محیط زیستی بکارگیری انرژی های تجدیدپذیر در بخش کشاورزی

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی -پژوهشی تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی

مهسا تسلیمی ¹ (دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری)
حمید امیرنژاد ² (گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری)
سید مجتبی مجاوریان ³ (دانشیار و عضو هیئت علمی گروه اقتصادکشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری)
حسین آزادی ⁴ (دانشیار و عضو هیئت علمی گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه گنت بلژیک)

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/07/20 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/10/11 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/08/01

کلید واژه: توسعه پایدار, محیط زیست, تاپسیس, انرژی خورشیدی,

چکیده مقاله :

بخش کشاورزی به منظور پاسخگویی به نیاز روزافزون غذا، به میزان زیادی به مصرف انرژی وابسته می‌باشد. یکی از چالش‌های کشاورزی پایدار اینست که هنوز اکثریت کشاورزان از انرژی فسیلی استفاده می‌نمایند. انتشار گاز دی‌اکسیدکربن در ایران خسارتی برابر با 277/26 میلیارد دلار بر کشور وارد کرده است که از این میزان 57/1 میلیارد دلار، سهم بخش کشاورزی می‌باشد. سرانه مصرف نهایی انرژی در بخش کشاورزی ایران 3/3 برابر متوسط جهانی می‌باشد. بنابراین، بکارگیری انرژی‌های در کشور اهمیت زیادی پیدا می‌کند. این مطالعه به اولویت‌بندی انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر در بخش کشاورزی شمال ایران (گلستان، مازندران و گیلان) با استفاده از تکنیک وزن‌دهی آنتروپی و روش تاپسیس پرداخته است. اطلاعات موردنیاز این مطالعه، با استفاده از روش دلفی از 39 متخصص و خبره جمع‌آوری شده و پنج نوع انرژی تجدیدپذیر و پنج معیار مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. نتایج نشان داد اولویت‌بندی انرژی‌ها به ترتیب انرژی خورشیدی، انرژی بادی، انرژی زیست‌توده، انرژی برق‌آبی و انرژی زمین‌گرمایی می‌باشد و معیارهای محیط‌زیستی، سیاسی، اجتماعی، فنی و اقتصادی به ترتیب اهمیت در رتبه اول تا پنجم قرار دارند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The agricultural sector relies heavily on energy consumption to meet the growing need for food. One of the challenges of sustainable agriculture is that the majority of farmers still use fossil energy. Carbon dioxide emissions in Iran have caused $ 26.27 billion in damage to the country, of which $ 1.57 billion is the share of the agricultural sector. The final energy consumption per capita in Iran's agricultural sector is 3.3 times the global average. Therefore, energy use in the country is very important. This study prioritized renewable energies in the agricultural sector of the north of Iran (Golestan, Mazandaran, and Guilan) using the Entropy weighting technique and the TOPSIS method. The information required for this study was collected using a Delphi method from 39 experts and five types of renewable energy and five criteria. The results showed that the Prioritization of energies are solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, hydropower, and geothermal energy and Environmental, political, social, technical and economic criteria rank first to fifth in importance, respectively.

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