واکاوی موانع راه اندازی کسب و کارهای خانگی در مناطق روستایی استان ایلام

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی -پژوهشی تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی

همایون مرادنژادی ¹ (دانشیار گروه کارآفرینی و توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه ایلام.)
مرجان واحدی ² (استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، واحد ایلام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایلام، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/06/02 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/04/18 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/07/01

کلید واژه: عوامل اقتصادی, تجربه کسب و کار, روانشناختی, توسعه کسب و کار,

چکیده مقاله :

پژوهش حاضر با هدف واکاوی موانع راه اندازی کسب و کارهای خانگی در مناطق روستایی استان ایلام به انجام رسیده است. روش شناسی پژو هش توصیفی - پیمایشی است. جامعة آماری پژوهش کارشناسان اقتصادی ستادی سازمان های اجرایی استان ایلام به تعداد 345 نفر بودند. براساس فرمول کوکران نعداد 140 نفر به عنوان نمونه آماری برآورد، و با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی طبقه ای با انتساب متناسب، مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. ابزار پژوهش پرسشنامه ای بوده که برای تعیین روایی آن از دیدگاه صاحب نظران مرتبط با موضوع استفاده شد و پایایی آن با استفاده از آزمون آلفای کرونباخ ، 77% درصد به دست آمد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS انجام گرفت. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها، از تحلیل عاملی با رویکرد اکتشافی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد، عامل های اقتصادی- سیاستی، تجربه کسب و کار، مهارتی، آموزشی، فرهنگی- اجتماعی و روانشناختی در مجموع 3/53 درصد از واریانس کل موانع راه اندازی کسب و کارهای خانگی در مناطق روستایی استان ایلام را تبیین نمودند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The purpose of this study was analyzing barriers of home businesses start up in rural areas of Ilam Province. descriptive- survey method was used. The population of this study included economic staff experts of executive organizations in Ilam province(N=345) that by using proportionate stratified random sampling method and based on Cochran formula, 140 individuals were selected as the sample. Instrument of data gathering was questionnaire that it’s validity confirmed by expert panel. For reliability of questionnaire Cronbach alpha coefficient was used and it’s value was equal to 0.77 that it was acceptable. Data analysis conducted by Spss software. Factor analysis with exploratory approach was use for identifying and categorizing barriers of home businesses start up . Findings showed that barriers of economic-political, experience of business, skill, educational, socio-cultural, and psychological barriers explain %53.3 of total variance.

منابع و مأخذ:

 

- Aghili, F. Tayebi, S. Zamani, Z. & Ebrahimi, N. (2013). The effect of entrepreneurship and development of small and medium firms on employment: Experience of several developing countries, journal of entrepreneurship development, Article 8, Volume 5, Issue 2, Summer 2013, Page 145-164.

- Ali Beigi, A. H., Athari, Z., & Barani, Sh. (2008). Review the entrepreneurial spirit of Applied Science Students and the factors affecting on it. Articles Collections of entrepreneurship development Conference on Education of Agriculture Applied Science, the publications of The Institute of Technical & Vocational Higher Education.

- Amin Aghaei, M. (2009). Review the factors affecting on job creation of small businesses in Iran, department of social science (Allameh Tabataba’I University) volume 41, page 87-124.

- Kord, B., & Abtin, A.,(2013) Review the Factors Affecting on Development of Rural Entrepreneurship in Sistan and Baluchestan Province (With Focus on Developing Rural Growth Centers, Developing in Formation and Communication Technologies and Empowerment of Rural Women), Geography and Development Iranian Journal, Volume 11, Issue 32, Autumn 2013, Page 1-14.

- Bigdeli Shamlu, A. (2010). Organizing the activity of household jobs in the form of Cooperatives that provide jobs needs. Tehran. The ministry of cooperative labor. Deputy of formation, development and supervision of cooperatives. The office of distributive cooperatives. On   http://www.mcls.gov.ir.

- Carter, S., Mason, C. & Tagg, S. (2004). “Lifting the Barriers to Growth in UK Small Businesses”, FSB Biennial Membership Survey, University of Stirling, Stirling.

- Center for Research and Documentation of the ministry of cooperative labor and social affairs and Research Council. Approaches and achievements with an emphasis on job creation. Ministry of labor and social affairs. Demos report. Specialized appendix of Islamic State. Volume 44, 6^th of mordad, 3873.

- Entezarian, N., & Tahmasbi, T. (2010). The obstacles and solutions of household jobs development in Iran, Monthly magazine of social, economic, scientific and cultural, volume 27, p 78-93.

- Falah jelou dar, R.  Faraj Elah Hosseini, S.J. Hossein, S. M., & Mirdamadi, S.M. (2008). Factors contributing to the success of rural women’s entrepreneurship in north of Iran. Journal of Roosta va Towse’e. winter 2008, Volume 10, Number 4; P 87 - 115.

- Finmark, T. (2006). Home based entrepreneurs. Retrieved from:www.finmark.org

- Ghasemi Siani, M. (2009). Entrepreneurship and Its Role in the Economic Development of Villages in Iran, volume 128, issue 128, p 28-43.

- Hashemi, S.S., Mehrabi, A.A., Amini, S., & Najahi, A. (2011). Rural Development with an Emphasis on Employment and Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of Shabab Subdistrict in Ilam Province of Iran. Volume 14 issue 1 p 35-58.

- Heritot, K. (2002). A New Approach to Rural Entrepreneurship a Case Study of Two Rural Electric Cooperatives, Western Kentucky University, and Noel D. Campbell, North Georgia College & State University.

- Markley, D.M. (2002). Entrepreneurship in Rural America; Prepared for the NCSL Rural Development Task Force, Center for Rural Entrepreneurship.

- Memili, E., Fang, H., Chrisman, J.J. & Massis, A., D. (2015). The impact of small-and medium – sized family firms on economic growth. Journal of small business Economocs. 45(4):771-785.

- Mirlotfi, M.R., Alavizadeh, S.A.M., & Badakhsh, Y., (2014). The Pathology of Home Business Development in Rural Areas (Case Study: Dyshmuk District in Kohgiluyeh County). Journal of Research and Rural Planning Vol.3, No.5, p 1-12 (2014).

- Mohebi, M. (2011). A Look at the types of business activities, Armaghan Publications, Tehran.

- Naderi Mahdi’i, K., & Teimuri, Z. (2013). A Study of Barriers and Solutions of household jobs of rural women from the view point of scholars and executive authorities. Journal of Jahangostar, Volume 11, issue 111, P 60-69.

- Nazarian, Z., & Behbahani, Z. (2013). Policies to optimization and expansion of Household jobs by women, the article collections of the conference on Business Management focusing on entrepreneurial businesses and knowledge-based economy, Tehran 2013.

- National Association for the Self-Employed 2006. How many home-based businesses are there? Available, http://news.nase.org/news/homebased.asp (retrieved June 2006).

- Rezvanai, M., Ramezanzadeh, Lasboyee, M., & Porgaberei, M. (2010). The Analysis of Socio-Economic Effects of Industrial Areas on Developing Rural Areas Case study: Industrial Area of Soleiman Abad, Tonekabon, journal of Geography and Development Iranian Journal, Volume 8, Issue 18, Autumn 2010, Page 5-26.

- Rudgar Nezhad, F., & Kiajuri, K. (2010). Challenges and obstacles to household business development, First National Conference of household jobs, challenges – solutions, Tehran, p 135-143.

- Sharifzadeh, A. Arabiun, A. & Sharifi M. (2011). An Examination of Barriers to development of agro-enterprises in Golestan province of Iran. Journal of Rural and Development, Winter 2011, Volume13, Number4; P129-160.

- Statistical Center of Iran, (2011).

- Taghibaygi, M., Agahi, H., & Mirakzadeh, A.A. (2014). Study of Barriers and Suitable Solution in Development of Rural Household Jobs from the Perspective of Rural Women and Expert in the City of West Islamabad, Journal of rural research, Volume 5, Issue 2, Summer 2014, Page 283-310.

- Tipple, G. (2006). Employment and work conditions in home based enterprises in four developing countries: Do they constitute ‘decent work? Journal of Employment and Society, 20: 167-179.

- Tavakoli, M. (2005). review the factors affecting on the success of rural entrepreneurs, Mahidasht city of Kermanshah, Un Published M.S Dissertation, Razi university of Kermanshah.

- Yaghoubi Farani, A., Vahdat Moaddab, H., & Latifi, S., (2013). Identifying Inhibitions of Rural Women’s Trend to Home Businesses (Case Study: Sardrod district, Razan county), volume 11, issue 4, p 559-574.