مدرن سازی سیستم های آبیاری و حفاظت از آب با تاکید بر اثربازگشتی در سطح مزرعه در حوضه آبریز بختگان
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی -پژوهشی تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی
محمدحسین زیبایی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری گروه هیدرولوژی و منابع آب دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب دانشگاه شهید چمران.)
علی محمد آخوندعلی
2
(استاد گروه هیدرولوژی و منابع آب دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب دانشگاه شهید چمران.)
فریدون رادمنش
3
(دانشیار گروه هیدرولوژی و منابع آب دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب دانشگاه شهید چمران.)
حیدر زارعی
4
(دانشیار گروه هیدرولوژی و منابع آب دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب دانشگاه شهید چمران.)
کلید واژه: ایران, مدرنیزه کردن آبیاری, اثر بازگشتی آب, بهرهوری آب, حفاظت از آب,
چکیده مقاله :
ایران با کمبود شدید آب روبرو است. معمولاً مدرن‌سازی سیستم‌های آبیاری و بهبود راندمان آبیاری به منزله‌ی فرصتی برای صرفه جویی قابل توجه آب در بخش کشاورزی در نظر گرفته می‌شود. به همین دلیل، دولت ایران قویاً از مدرنیزه کردن سیستم‌های آبیاری پشتیبانی می‌کند و اقدامات آب- اندوز زیادی با هدف بهبود بهرهوری آب و کاهش مصرف آب انجام داده است. در این راستا، پیشرفتهایی نیز صورت گرفته است. اما کل آب مصرفی کشاورزی آن گونه که انتظار می‌رفته، کاهش نیافته است. بنابراین، مصرف آب کشاورزی در ایران ممکن است که پدیده اثر بازگشتی را تجربه کرده باشد. فرضیه اثر بازگشتی به عنوان پیامدی از سرمایه‌گذاری آب - اندوز از معمای جونز در اقتصاد انرژی گرفته شده است. هدف از این مطالعه، ارزیابی مقدار اثر بازگشتی آب (WRE) در سطح مزرعه در حوضه آبریز بختگان با استفاده از مدل تخصیص زمین اصلاح شده و رویکرد مقایسه مستقیم بود. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار WRE در حوضه آبریز بختگان می‌تواند بین 1/10% تا 3/109% نوسان داشته باشد.
Iran is facing severe water shortage.Modernization of irrigation systems and improving the efficiency of water use is typically presented as an opportunity for large water saving in the agricultural sector. For this reason, the Iranian government strongly supports the modernization of irrigation systems and has implemented many water-saving irrigation measures with the objective of improving water productivity and reducing agricultural water use. In this regard, some progress has been made. But total agricultural water use did not decline as expected. Thus, agricultural water use in Iran may experience a rebound effect. The hypothesis of a rebound effect as a consequence of water saving investments is taken from the Jevons paradox in energy economics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the magnitude of the water rebound effect (WRE) at farm level in Bakhtegan basin using corrected land allocation model and direct comparison approach. The results indicated that the magnitude of the agricultural WRE in Bakhtegan basin can fluctuate between 10.1% and 109.38%.
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