الگوی انتخاب بهینه پناهگاه‌های اضطراری چند منظوره در شهر کاشمر با استفاده از روش AHP

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

یعقوب پیوسته گر ¹ (استادیار گروه معماری و شهرسازی، واحد یاسوج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یاسوج، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/10/10 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/07/21 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/08/01

کلید واژه: پدافند غیر عامل, پناهگاه چندمنظوره, مدلAHP, شهر کاشمر,

چکیده مقاله :

       در جنگ‌های جدید که با استفاده از تجهیزات پیشرفته هوشمند صورت می‌پذیرد و اهداف به صورت نقطه‌ای مورد هدف قرار می‌گیرند، نقاط و اهداف کلیدی که در شبکه فعالیت‌های کشور نقش کلیدی ایفا می‌کنند، در زمره اولین اهداف هستند. از آنجا که بخش قابل توجهی از این نقاط درون شهرها واقع هستند، شهرها و علی­الخصوص شهرهای استان های مرزی نیز مورد تهاجم واقع می‌شوند. اصلی­ترین سرمایه هر کشور مردم می­باشند که حفظ جان آنها در برابر تهدیدات از وظایف اصلی دولت ها می­باشد. یکی از راه­های تأمین این هدف، احداث پناهگاه­هایی امن جهت حفظ جان مردم در زمان بحران ناشی از جنگ می­باشد. اما پناهگاه در صورتی­که به شکل تک منظوره احداث شود، عدم استفاده از آن در زمان صلح، صرفه اقتصادی آن را از بین می برد و پایداری آن را به مخاطره می­اندازد. برطرف کردن این مشکل با احداث پناهگاه­های چندمنظوره میسر می­گردد. هدف پژوهش بررسی عوامل کاهش آسیب­پذیری و ایمن سازی سازمان سکونت و فعالیت شهر در برابر تهدیدات انسان ساخت با بکارگیری پناهگاه‌های چند منظوره با توجه به ملاحظات پدافند غیرعامل در برنامه­ریزی و توسعه و عمران شهرها می‌باشد. روش پژوهش «توصیفی– تحلیلی» می­باشد. کلیه داده­های  تولید شده در محیط GIS  در فرایند سلسله­مراتبی(AHP)، مورد تحلیل قرار گرفته است. در ادامه پژوهش با استفاده از مدل تحلیل حساسیت در نرم افزار Expert choice، تعداد 12 مکان بعنوان پناهگاه چندمنظوره انتخاب گردید. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد از بین معیارها، کاربری­های حیاتی و دارایی ها به ترتیب با 217/0 و 174/0 امتیاز بیشترین اهمیت را داشته اند و در کاشمر به ترتیب 04/34 درصد شهر در پهنه مناسب و 61/15 درصد در پهنه کاملاً مناسب به جهت مکانیابی و احداث پناهگاه چندمنظوره هستند و سرانجام 12 مکان را به عنوان پناهگاه چند منظوره مورد شناسایی قرار گرفته و با استفاده از مدل تحلیل حساسیت در نرم­افزار Expert Choice مکان­های شناسایی شده اولویت­بندی شده­اند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

      Among the first goals, the key points and key goals that play a key role in the network of activities in the new wars, which are implemented using intelligent advanced equipment and targets are targeted at the point. Since a significant part of these points are located within cities, cities and, in particular, cities of the border provinces are also invaded. The main capital of every country is the people, whose maintenance of their lives against threats is one of the main duties of the state. One of the ways to achieve this goal is to build safe havens to protect people's lives during a war-torn crisis. But shelter, if it is built in a single-purpose way, its non-use in peacetime will eliminate its cost-effectiveness and endangers its sustainability. Solving this problem is possible with the construction of multipurpose havens. The purpose of the research is to investigate the factors of reducing the vulnerability and immunization of the organization of living and activities of the city against human threats by using multifunctional shelters, taking into account passive defense considerations in urban planning and development. The research method is descriptive-analytical. All data generated in the GIS environment in the hierarchical process (AHP) has been analyzed. In the next study using the Sensitivity Analysis Model in Expert selection software, 12 locations were selected as multipurpose havens. The results of the research show that among the criteria, critical uses and assets were the most important with 0.217 and 0.174 points, respectively, and in Kashmar 34.4% of the city was in the appropriate area and 15.61% in the zone They are perfectly suitable for locating and constructing multipurpose havens. Finally, 12 locations are identified as multi-purpose shelters and prioritized by using the Sensitivity Analysis model in Expert Choice software.

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