مسئله شناسی راهبردی توسعه صادرات بخش کشاورزی (مطالعه موردی: استان کرمانشاه)

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

مهنا شاهمرادی ¹ (دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.)
حسین آگهی ² (دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.)
امیرحسین علی بیگی ³ (دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/02/29 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/02/08 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/10/01

کلید واژه: توسعه, صادرات, بخش کشاورزی, مسئله‌شناسی,

چکیده مقاله :

از آنجایی که تحقق برنامه‌ها و توسعه متوازن، مستلزم به‌کارگیری تفکر سیستمی و توجه به ویژگی‌ها، محدودیت‌ها و مزیت-های هر منطقه در تصمیم‌گیری‌های کلان کشور می‌باشد، پژوهش پیش‌رو، در راستای بهره‌گیری از ظرفیت‌های منطقه‌ای، استان کرمانشاه را به عنوان یکی از مناطق مستعد توسعه‌ی صادرات محصولات کشاورزی مورد توجه قرار داده است. با توجه به اینکه به نظر می‌رسد توسعه‌ی صادرات در بخش کشاورزی این استان منطبق با توانایی‌ها و پتانسیل‌های موجود، صورت نگرفته است، پژوهش حاضر با هدف مسئله‌شناسی راهبردی توسعه صادرات بخش کشاورزی استان کرمانشاه با استفاده از روش کیفی و بهره‌گیری از مدل الماس پورتر (عوامل درونی، شرایط تقاضا، صنایع مرتبط و پشتیبان، استراتژی، ساختار و رقابت، نقش دولت و حوادث پیش‌بینی نشده)، انجام شد. جامعه‌ی مورد مطالعه این پژوهش را 31 نفر از افراد صاحبنظر در زمینه موضوع مورد بررسی تشکیل دادند که با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند از نوع موارد شناخته شده (افراد متخصص و مطلعین کلیدی) انتخاب شدند. گردآوری داده‌ها با مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختارمند فردی تا زمان رسیدن به اشباع داده صورت گرفت. تجزیه و تحلیل محتوای مصاحبه‌های میدانی با استفاده از روش تحلیل محتوا با رویکرد قیاسی و بهره‌گیری از نرم‌افزار MAXQDA، انجام شده است. بر اساس یافته‌های به‌دست آمده، نداشتن قیمت رقابتی، ضعف زیرساخت‌های مرتبط با اطلاع‌رسانی، عدم آگاهی در مورد استاندارد، تغییرات مکرر قوانین و مقررات مرتبط، ضعف مدیریت صادرات بخش کشاورزی، حضور کمرنگ تشکل‌های تخصصی، تنش‌های سیاسی و تحریم‌ها، در عدم توسعه‌ی مطلوب صادرات بخش کشاورزی استان بیش‌ترین نقش را داشته‌اند. با این حال با حمایت و برنامه‌ریزی صحیح جهت رفع موانع و کاستی‌های موجود و تدوین قوانین و ضوابط تولید، فرآوری و بازاریابی و توسعه زیرساخت‌های مرتبط، می‌توان صادرات محصولات بخش کشاورزی استان کرمانشاه را استمرار بخشید.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Since the realization of programs and balanced development requires the application of systemic thinking and attention to the characteristics, limitations, and advantages of each region in the macro decisions of the country, leading research, To take advantage of regional capacities, Kermanshah province has been considered as one of the potential areas for the development of agricultural exports. Considering that it seems that the development of exports in the agricultural sector of this province has not been done by the existing capabilities and potentials, the present study aims to address the strategic problem of export development of the agricultural sector of Kermanshah province using the Qualitative method and using Porter Diamond model (internal factors, demand conditions, related and supporting industries, strategy, structure and competition, government role and unforeseen events). The study population consisted of 31 experts in the field who were selected using purposive sampling of known cases (experts and key informants). Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews until data saturation was reached. Content analysis of field interviews was performed using the method of content analysis with a deductive approach and using software MAXQDA. Based on the findings, lack of competitive prices, weak infrastructure related to information, lack of knowledge about the standard, frequent changes in related laws and regulations, weak export management of the agricultural sector, low presence of specialized organizations, Political tensions and sanctions have played a major role in the lack of proper development of the province's agricultural sector. However, with proper support and planning to eliminate existing barriers and shortcomings and formulate rules and regulations for production, processing, and marketing, and development of related infrastructure, the export of agricultural products in Kermanshah province can be continued

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