تحلیل جغرافیایی کیفیت زندگی روستایی با تاکید بر شاخص های کالبدی مطالعه موردی: روستاهای شهرستان انزلی
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای
اشرف حسین زاده
1
(دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
محمدباسط قریشی
2
(استادیار گروه جغرافیا، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
نصرالله مولائی هشجین
3
(استاد گروه جغرافیا، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
تیمور آمار
4
(دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
کلید واژه: کیفیت زندگی, سکونتگاه‌های روستایی, شاخص های کالبدی, کیفیت کالبدی, شهرستان انزلی,
چکیده مقاله :
مفهوم کیفیت زندگی که در چند دهه اخیر، مورد توجه پژوهشگران و اندیشمندان برخی رشته‌های علمی قرار گرفته است دارای ابعاد مختلفی بوده و نشان دهنده میزان برخورداری و بهره مندی از ابزار مادی رفاه فردی و اجتماعی و همچنین توانمندی های افراد در زمینه‌های علمی و اجتماعی است کیفیت زندگی، امروزه به عنوان عنصری کلیدی در سیاست گذاری و بررسی سیاست های حوزه عمومی مورد بحث قرار می‌گیرد. هدف این پژوهش، تحلیل جغرافیایی کیفیت زندگی روستاهای شهرستان انزلی با تاکید بر شاخص های کالبدی است. روش پژوهش، توصیفی تحلیلی و روش گردآوری اطلاعات، اسنادی و میدانی است. برای تحلیل موضوع، از داده‌های سرشماری عمومی نفوس و مسکن سال 1395 و همچنین مطالعات میدانی در قالب داده های آماری هستند بنا بر این 25 روستا بررسی شده اند. سنجش کیفیت کالبدی روستاها با بهره گیری از هشت شاخص و مدل Topsis انجام شده است. رابطه کیفیت زندگی روستاها با متغیرها با نرم افزار SPSS و آزمون همبستگی پیرسون محاسبه شد که میزان رابطه بین امتیاز کیفیت کالبدی روستاها با فاصله از مرکز شهرستان، 63/0-، با فاصله از منطقه آزاد تجاری- اقتصادی انزلی، 62/0- و با تعداد جمعیت، 74/0 است که در هر سه مورد رابطه بین متغیرها و کیفیت کالبدی روستاها، کاملا بارز و نشان دهنده رابطه معکوس و متوسط رو به بالای کیفیت کالبدی روستاها با دو متغیر فاصله از مرکز شهرستان و منطقه آزاد تجاری - اقتصادی و رابطه قوی مستقیم بین تعداد جمعیت و کیفیت کالبدی روستاها است و بدین ترتیب می توان نتیجه گرفت که در کیفیت کالبدی روستاهای شهرستان بندر انزلی، سه متغیر فاصله روستاها از مرکز شهرستان (بندر انزلی)، فاصله از منطقه آزاد تجاری- اقتصادی انزلی و اندازه روستاها (تعداد جمعیت) تاثیر گذار هستند.
The concept of quality of life, which has been considered by researchers and thinkers in some scientific fields in recent decades, has different dimensions and represents the level of enjoyment and benefit from the material tools of individual and social well-being and also people's abilities in the scientific and social fields. Nowadays, quality of life as a key element in policy making and public policy review is discussed. The aim of this study is to analyze the quality of life in the villages of Anzali city with emphasis on physical indicators. In order to analyze the issue have been used the general population and housing census data of 2016 as well as field studies in the form of interviews, observations and completion of the questionnaire. Anzali city has 25 villages. The physical quality of all villages was examined using eight indicators and using the TOPSIS model, and the villages were ranked based on the continuous output of Tapsis and were classified into three levels. The relationship between the quality of life of the villages and the three variables of distance from the city center, distance from Anzali free trade-economic zone and the population of each village was calculated by Pearson correlation test. The relationship between the physical quality rank of the villages with the above three variables was 0.63, 0.62 and 0.74, respectively. The results indicated that in all three cases, the relationship between the variables and the physical quality of the villages is quite clear and demonstrates the inverse and intermediate upward relationship of the physical quality of the villages with two variables distance from the city center and free trade-economic zone. There is also a strong direct relationship between population size and physical quality of villages.
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