بررسی نقش تعاونی های روستایی بعنوان راهکاری برای برون رفت از مشکلات و رسیدن به توسعه روستایی مطالعه موردی: استان زنجان
محورهای موضوعی :
فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای
زلیخا نادرخانی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری، جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.)
یوسف قنبری
2
(دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران)
تاریخ دریافت : 1398/12/07
تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/03/05
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/10/01
کلید واژه:
توسعه روستایی,
" تعاونی تولید,
" معادلات ساختاری,
" استان زنجان,
چکیده مقاله :
تعاونی ها می توانند به عنوان یکی از موثرترین روش ها برای حل مشکلات روستایی باشند، چون این امکان را به کشاورزان خرد می دهد که از طریق تشکیل تعاونی ها، تولید خود را بالا برده و هزینه های تولید را پایین آورند و بدین صورت درآمد بیشتری بدست آورند. پزوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تعاونی های تولید روستایی استان زنجان و نقش این تعاونی ها در حل مشکلات روستایی صورت گرفته است. پژوهش از لحاظ هدف کاربردی و به لحاظ ماهیت توصیفی تحلیلی است. گردآوری داده های مورد نیاز با استفاده از شیوه میدانی (پرسش نامه، مشاهده و مصاحبه) انجام شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش روستاهای که دارای شرکت تعاونی روستایی هستند، می باشد که حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 330 خانوار کشاورز روستایی بدست آمد. برای طراحی پرسشنامه از سه شاخص اجتماعی در قالب 18 نماگر، شاخص اقتصادی در قالب 12 نماگر و شاخص محیطی در قالب 13 نماگر بهره گرفته شد، میزان پایایی پرسشنامه از طریق آلفای کرونباخ 627. بدست آمد است، و برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آزمون تحلیل واریانس (ANOVA) و معادلات ساختاری (SEM) در محیط نرم فزاریAMOS GRAPHICS و SPSS استفاده شد. نتایج تحلیل معادلات ساختاری نشان داد شاخص اقتصادی در توسعه روستایی با ضریب تأثیر 53/0 بیشترین اثرگذاری و شاخص اجتماعی با ضریب تأثیر 22/0 کمترین میزان اثرگذاری را در توسعه روستایی داشته است. در شاخص اجتماعی، عامل " روانی و انگیزشی" ، در شاخص اقتصادی، عامل " دسترسی به خدمات و مدیریت بازار و در شاخص محیطی، عامل " مدیریت انسانی صحیح" بیشترین اهمیت و تاثیر را در توسعه روستایی از نظر مردم روستایی بدست آوردند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Cooperatives can be one of the most effective ways to solve rural problems, because it allows small farmers to increase their production, reduce production costs and earn more income by forming cooperatives. The present study aimed to investigate the rural production cooperatives of Zanjan province and the role of these cooperatives in solving rural problems. The research is applied in terms of purpose and analytical in terms of descriptive nature. The required data were collected using field method (questionnaire, observation and interview). The statistical population of the study is villages that have a rural cooperative company. The sample size was obtained using the Cochran's formula of 330 rural farming families. To design the questionnaire, three social indicators in the form of 18 indicators, economic indicators in the form of 12 indicators and environmental indicators in the form of 13 indicators were used. The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained through Cronbach's alpha 627. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and structural equations (SEM) were used in AMOS GRAPHICS and SPSS software environment. The results of structural equation analysis showed that the economic index in rural development with an impact factor of 0.53 had the highest impact and the social index with an impact factor of 0.22 had the lowest impact in rural development. In the social index, the factor of "psychological and motivational", in the economic index, the factor of "access to services and market management" and in the environmental index, the factor of "correct human management" gained the most importance and impact on rural development for rural people.
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