شناسایی عوامل موثر بر ایجاد امنیت پایدار در روستاهای مرزی برحسب فاصله از مرز

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

مهدی مودودی ارخودی ¹ (استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه بزرگمهر قائنات، قائن، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/10/07 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/09/16 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/05/01

کلید واژه: روستا, خراسان رضوی, مرز, امنیت پایدار,

چکیده مقاله :

امروزه برقراری امنیت , ثبات صرفا منوط به استفاده از تجهیزات فیزیکی، استقرار نیروهای نظامی و انتظامی نمی باشد، بلکه توجه به سایر ابعاد اقتصادی و اجتماعی و فرهمگی و سیاسی به پایداری امنیت روستاها کمک خواهد نمود. در این راستا هدف مقاله پیش رو شناسایی عوامل موثر بر حصول امنیت پایدار در روستاهای مرزی خراسان رضوی است. روش تحقیق این پژوهش توصیفی و تحلیلی است و از تکنیک پرسشنامه ای استفاده شده است. همچنین از نرم افزار GIS برای ترسیم نقشه ها و از نرم افزار exccelو SPSS برای تحلیل آماری و آزمون های آماری کروسکال والیس، رگرسیون گام به گام و تحلیل مسیر استفاده شده است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش، روستاهای صفر تا پنجاه کیلومتری مستقر در مرز این استان با کشورهای همسایه می باشد که 384 سرپرست خانوار با استفاده از فرمول کوکران به عنوان جامعه نمونه به روش تصادفی ساده انتخاب شده اند. نتایج بیانگر آن است، میزان رضایت از شاخص اقتصادی کمتراز سایر شاخص ها اجتماعی و سیاسی است. و با توجه به آزمون رگرسیون و تحلیل مسیر، این شاخص نقش بسیار مهمی در ایجاد و احساس امنیت روستاهای مرزی دارد. بر حسب فواصل مورد بررسی شاخص اقتصادی بیشترین نقش ایجاد احساس امنیت داشته است. با توجه به میزان رضایت روستاهای مرزی حلقه اول از شرایط امنیتی، توجه به شاخص های اقتصادی و رفاهی برای پایداری امنیت، از اهمیت زیادی برخورداراست گرچه میزان رضایت از شاخص اقتصادی در سطح پایین قراردارد، اما اثر و وزن این شاخص با توجه به آزمون رگرسیون و تحلیل مسیر، در ایجاد امنیت بسیار بالاست که ضرورت توجه به مسائل اقتصادی در قالب ارائه الگوهای کشت و آبیاری را دو چندان نموده است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Today, security is not only dependent on the use of physical equipment, the deployment of troops and law enforcement, but also on other economic, social, and political and social dimensions that will help ensure the security of the villages. The purpose of this article is to identify the factors that contribute to achieving sustainable security in the border villages of Khorasan Razavi. The research method is descriptive and analytical and questionnaire is used. GIS software was used for mapping and exccel and SPSS software was used for statistical analysis and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests, stepwise regression and path analysis..The population of this study is zero to fifty kilometers villages located on the border of this province with neighboring countries. The results indicate that satisfaction with economic indicators is lower than other social and political indicators.And according to regression testing and path analysis, this indicator plays a very important role in creating and feeling secure in border villages. In terms of the intervals studied, the economic index has had the greatest role in creating a sense of security. Considering the extent to which border villages are satisfied with the security situation in the First Circuit, it is important to consider economic and welfare indicators for security. Although the level of satisfaction with the economic index is low, the effect and weight of this index, according to regression testing and path analysis, is very high in creating security, which has doubled the need to pay attention to economic issues in the form of irrigation patterns.

منابع و مأخذ:

1. Ahmadi, Hassan and Roozbeh Dadjoo (2012): "Sustainable Development of Border Areas, Basic Strategy for Border Security", National Conference on Border Cities and Security, Challenges and Approaches, Sistan and Baluchestan University, Iran. (in persian)


2. Azami, Hadi, Zarghani, Hadi and Masoud Hamidi (2014): "Study of the Spatial Structure of Political Power in Ancient Iran", Geopolitical Quarterly, Volume 10, Number 33, pp. 59-37. (in persian)


3. Badri, Ali, Darban Astana, Ali Reza and Saadi Sima (1396): "The Impact of Border Markets on the Promotion of Socio-Economic Indicators in Rural Border Cases Case Study: Marivan Bashmaq Border", Geography and Development, No. 21, pp. 24- 1(in persian)


4. Badri, Ali, Darban Astana, Ali Reza and Saadi Sima (2015): "The Impact of Border Markets on the Political-Spatial Development of Border Rural Cases Case Study: Marivan Bashmaq Border", Geography and Development, No. 21, pp.1- 24(in persian)


5. Bemanian, Mohammad Reza and Hadi Mahmoudinejad (2009): Security and Urban Design. Tehran, Heleh Publications. (in persian)


6. Pourian, Ezatollah (2010): "Press, Social Crimes and Sense of Security and Awareness", Quarterly Journal of Social Security Studies, No. 22, pp. 185-163. (in persian)


7. Pouladi, Hassan, Keshavarzian, Mohammad Mehdi, Khan Mohammadi, Hadi and Aslipour, Hosseini (2016): "Modeling Factors Providing Sustainable Border Security (Case Study of Iran's Eastern Borders)", Basij Strategic Studies, No. 72, pp. 149- 125. (in persian)


8. Jomehpour, Mahmoud and Mohammad Ali Talebi (2012): "Study of border residents' cooperatives in the development of border areas of South Khorasan", Quarterly Journal of Welfare Planning and Social Development, Volume 4, Number 10, pp. 67-69. (in persian)


9. Javan, Farhad, Vaez Tabasi, Ali, Hashemi Zehi, Soodabeh and Hossein Mirki Anari (2016): "Measuring the Sustainability of Social Security in Rural Settlements (Study of Helmand Border Villages)", Journal of Disciplinary Geography, Volume 4, Number 15, Pp. 52-82. (in persian)


10. Hajiani, Ebrahim (2005): "Methodological Framework for Sense of Security", Quarterly Journal of Social Security Studies, Volume 1, Numbers 2 and 3, pp. 15-1. (in persian)


11. Hosseini, Seyed Ali (2014): "Analysis of Factors Affecting the Increase of Income and Employment of Rural People in Gilan Province", Quarterly Journal of Space Economics and Rural Development, No. 1, 7, pp. (in persian)


12. Astaneh Doorman, Ali Reza (2014):Assessing and analyzing the sense of security of villagers in border areas (Case study: Ilam province) Spatial Planning, Volume 4, Number 4, pp. 156-129. (in persian)


13. Rokanuddin Eftekhari, Abdarreza, Papli Yazdi, Mohammad Hossein and Erfan Abdi (2008): "Assessing the Economic Impact of Border Markets and Reflections on the Development of Border Areas", Geopolitical Quarterly, Volume 4, Number 2, pp. 101-89. (in persian)


14. Zarghani, Seyed Hadi (2007): "Geopolitical factors affecting the role and function of borders with emphasis on Iran's borders", Geopolitical Quarterly, Volume 3, Number 2, pp. 147-116. (in persian)

15. Saeedi, Abbas (1383): Fundamentals of Rural Geography, Samat Publications, Tehran.

1. Salimi, Akbar, Babaporskeh, Mohammad Reza and Noor Mohammad Rezaei (2014): "Study of social order and security from the perspective of the citizens of Kashmar", Journal of Law Enforcement and Security, Volume 7, Number 3, pp. 134-117. (in persian)


2. Abdo Zadeh, Sirvan and Saeed Fathollahi (2015): "Border markets and the sense of socio-economic security of border villagers studied: border markets of Baneh city", Social Security Studies, Volume 6, Number 43, pp. 66-37. (in persian)


3. Andalib, Alireza (2001): Basic theory and principles of planning the border areas of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Tehran: Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, Command College and High War Headquarters. (in persian)


4. Kamran, Hassan, Prizadi, Taher and Hassan Hosseini Amini (2011): "Spatial organization of border areas adjacent to the Iran-Pakistan border with a passive defense approach", Urban Planning Research, Volume 2, Number 5, pp. 132-109. (in persian)


5. Kouchakinejad, Fatemeh, and Olia Rahmanipour (2013): "Assessing the Awareness of Nomads about Passive Defense and Its Impact on Border Security (Case Study: Nomadic Community of Qasr Shirin County, Kermanshah Province)", Journal of Disciplinary Geography, Volume 1, No. 1, pp. 144-129. (in persian)


6. Giddens, Anthony (1998): Consequences of Modernity. Translated by Mohsen Thalasi, Tehran: Markaz Publishing. (in persian)


7. Mohammadi Yeganeh, Behrooz, Mehdizadeh, Esmat, Mehdizadeh, Effat and Mehdi Cheraghi (2012): "Assessing the economic effects of Mehran border bazaar on the development of rural areas Case study, Mohsenabad village", Journal of Applied Research in Geographical Sciences, Volume 12, Number 25, Pp. 96-79. (in persian)


8. Mokhtari Hashi, Hossein, Vazin, Nargesh and Hajat Mostafa Ghaderi (2017): "Study of Security in Border Villages of Sistan and Baluchestan Province", Quarterly Journal of Land Geography, Volume 14, Number 54, pp. 60-43. (in persian)


9. modeeri, Atosa (2006): "Crime, Violence and the feeling of security in public spaces of the city", Social Welfare Research Quarterly, Volume 6, Number 22, pp. 11-28. (in persian)


10. Yari, Hamed and Jafar Hezar Jaribi (2012): "Study of the relationship between the feeling of security and social trust among citizens (a case study of Kermanshah residents)", Strategic Research on Security and Social Order, Volume 1, Number 4, pp. 58-39.(in persian)


11. Ackleson, J. (2005): Constructing security on the US–Mexico border. Political Geography, 24(2), 165-184.


12. Andereck, K. L., & Nyaupane, G. P. (2011): Exploring the nature of tourism and quality of life perceptions among residents. Journal of Travel research, 50(3), 248-260.


13. Boldrin, M; De Nardi, M; Larry, E. (2015). Fertility and Social Security, Journal of Demographic Economics, 81 (3), pp. 261-299.


14. Niebuhr, A., & Stiller, S. (2002): Integration effects in border regions-A survey of economic theory and empirical studies . research agricaultural&applied economics No. 879-2016-64210).


15. Waever, O. (1995): Securitization and desecuritization. In R. Lipschutz (Ed.), on security, New York: Columbia University Press.