تحلیل اثرات مولفه های انگیزه و خودکارآمدی بر موفقیت کارآفرینان گردشگری در استان مازندران

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

مهدی رمضان زاده لسبویی ¹ , رقیه قنبری ²

1 - استادیار دانشگاه مازندران
2 - دانشجوی دکتری گردشگری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/05/18 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/04/30 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/02/01

کلید واژه: "خودکارآمدی", "کارآفرینی", "گردشگری", "انگیزه", "مازندران",

چکیده مقاله :

با آغاز جهانی شدن و شروع پارادایم های نوین، تغییراتی در تجارت و کسب و کارها بوجود آمد. اکنون مشاغل از شکل صنعتی و بزرگ مقیاس به سوی مشاغل کارآفرینی توسط افراد توانمند گرایش پیدا کرده است. کارآفرینان برای موفقیت در کسب وکار خود علاوه بر توانایی مالی نیاز به ویژگیهای روانشناختی بالایی دارند تا در برابر چالشها موفق باشند. بنابراین هدف از انجام این تحقیق بررسی عوامل موثر بر موفقیت کارآفرینان گردشگری در استان مازندران می باشد. با بررسی منابع کتابخانه ای دو مولفه خودکارآمدی و انگیزه به دلیل تاثیر زیادی که بر رضایت شغلی و موفقیت کارآفرینان دارند، انتخاب شدند. روش تحقیق، توصیفی- تحلیلی و به شیوه پیمایشی است. بنابراین با جمع آوری پرسشنامه از کارآفرینان بخشهای مختلف گردشگری در سال 1398 به بررسی میدانی این موضوع پرداخته شد. اطلاعات جمع‌آوری‌شده بر اساس نرم افزار Spssو Smart pls مورد پردازش قرار گرفت. در این مدل تاثیر متغییر خودکارآمدی و انگیزه از طریق متغییر میانجی رضایت شغلی بر موفقیت کارآفرینان بررسی گشت. که نتایج نشان دهنده این است که متغیر انگیزه و خودکارآمدی می‌تواند 8/53 درصد از واریانس متغیر رضایت شغلی را تبیین کنند؛ و همچنین متغیر رضایت شغلی 6/34 درصد از متغیر موفقیت را تبیین می‌کند. همچنین چالش برانگیز بودن فعالیت از متغیر انگیزه، رضایت از درآمد حاصل از کارآفرینی از متغیر رضایت شغلی، و ایمان به توانایی‌های فردی از متغیر خودکارآمدی، تشویق دیگران برای فعالیتهای کار آفرینی از متغیر موفقیت، از جمله گویه هایی است که بیشترین بار عاملی را داراست. در نهایت می توان به این نتیجه رسید که ویژگیهای روانشناختی بسیار در موفقیت کارآفرینان تاثیرگذار است و باید این مولفه ها در پرورش جوانان مستعد مورد توجه جدی قرار گیرد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

With the onset of globalization and the beginning of new paradigms, changes in trade and business took place. Jobs are now shifting from industrial and large-scale forms to entrepreneurial jobs by capable people. Entrepreneurs need high psychological characteristics in addition to financial ability to succeed in their business in order to be successful in the face of challenges. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the success of tourism entrepreneurs in Mazandaran province. By examining library resources, two components of self-efficacy and motivation were selected due to their great impact on the job satisfaction and success of entrepreneurs. The research method is descriptive-analytical and survey method. Therefore, by collecting questionnaires from entrepreneurs in different sectors of tourism in 2019, this issue was studied in the field. The collected data were processed based on SPSS and Smart pls software. In this model, the effect of self-efficacy and motivation variables through the mediating variable of job satisfaction on the success of entrepreneurs was investigated. The results show that the variables of motivation and self-efficacy can explain 53.8% of the variance of the variable of job satisfaction. The job satisfaction variable also explains 34.6% of the success variable. Also, the challenge of activity from the variable of motivation, satisfaction with the income from entrepreneurship from the variable of job satisfaction, and belief in the abilities of individuals from the variable of self-efficacy, encouraging others for entrepreneurial activities from the variable of success, It is one of the items that has the most factor load. Finally, it can be concluded that psychological characteristics are very influential in the success of entrepreneurs and these components should be given serious attention in nurturing talented young people.

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