تحلیل اثر گذاری جاذبه های گردشگریِ استان لرستان و اولویت بندی آنها در راستای سرمایه گذاری و توسعه منطقه ای

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

جمشید عینالی ¹ (استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران)
احمد رومیانی ² (دانشجوی دکترای جغرافیا و آمایش کیفیت محیطی مناطق روستایی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران)
زهرا اسکندری ثانی ³ (کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1393/11/14 تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/09/26 تاریخ انتشار : 1395/09/01

کلید واژه: استان لرستان, مناطق نمونه گردشگری, توسعه منطقه‌ای, سرمایه‌گذاری,

چکیده مقاله :

    در چند دهه اخیر فرایند توسعه منطقه­ای مورد توجه بسیاری از جامعه­شناسان و برنامه­ریزی قرار گرفته است. لذا آنها به دنبال کاهش چالشهای توسعه منطقه­ای و تنوع بخشی به فعالیت­های اقتصادی، اجتماعی- فرهنگی و زیست محیطی در مناطق مختلف می­باشند. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی اثرات گردشگری و اولویت‌بندی مناطق گردشگری مصوب در سطح استان لرستان به منظور معرفی به سرمایه‌گذاران است تا بتواند زمینه مناسبی برای تحرک بخشی به اقتصاد منطقه و برنامه‌ریزی بهتر برای توسعه مبتنی بر گردشگری در سطح استان را ارایه کند. نوع تحقیق کاربردی، روش مورد استفاده تحقیق توصیفی- تحلیلی و برای گردآوری اطلاعات از روش­های کتابخانه­ای و میدانی استفاده شده است. جامع آماری تحقیق شامل دو سازمان صنایع دستی گردشگری و استانداری که مجموعاً 58 نفر محاسبه شده است و به صورت تمام شماری مورد بررسی قرار گرفته­اند، که از این مجموعه 35 نفر حاضر به پاسخ گویی شدند و جامع آماری این تحقیق را تشکیل می­دهند.­ برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها از آماره توصیفی (میانگین، انحراف معیار و واریانس) و اسنباطی (t تک نمونه­ای، همبستگی و تحلیل واریانس) به تحلیل اثرات گردشگری و تکنیک تشابه به راه‌حل ایده‌آل (TOPSIS) اقدام به تعیین اولویت هر یک از مناطق مصوب سازمان میراث فرهنگی در استان شده است. یافته­های آزمون t تک نمونه­ای نشان داد، میانگین مورد نظر برای تمامی ابعاد به جزء شاخص­های سرمایه­گذاری و مشارکت، بالاتر از شرایط مطلوب (3) ارزیابی شده است و تفاوت معناداری آن نیز برای همه شاخص‌ها کاملا ً معنادار است. همچنین نتایج حاصل از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون نشان داد که رابطه مشاهده شده بین شاخص گردشگری و توسعه منطقه­ای، رابطه همبستگی مثبت و معناداری وجود دارد. بنابراین میزان معناداری این تأثیرات در سطح 95/0 درصد قابل تبیین است. نتایج آزمون تحلیل مسیر نشان داد که بیشترین اثر کلی مربوط به ابعاد اقتصادی با میزان (529/0) بوده است. و بعد زیست محیطی با میزان (287/0) دارای کمترین اثر کلی در توسعه منطقه مورد مطالعه  بوده است. همچنین نتیجه مدل ­تاپسیس نشان دهنده تفاوت زیاد در سطح برخورداری مناطق نمونه پیشنهادی است، به طوری­که مناطق نمونه مور­زرین و قلعه فلک­الافلاک به ترتیب با ضریب 69/0 و 64/0 برخوردارترین و مناطق نمونه مخمل­کوه و کمالوند به ترتیب با ضریب 03/0 و 04/0 به عنوان کم برخوردارترین گزینه‌ها در بین مناطق نمونه گردشگری استان لرستان بوده‌اند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In several recent decades, many sociologists and planners were interested in regional development process. Therefore, they intended to decrease challenges of regional development and diversify economic, socio– cultural and environmental activities in different areas. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of tourism and the priorities of the approved areas in the Lorestan province to the investors so that they can provide a better condition to mobilize the local economy and better planning for the development of tourism in the province. The present study is an applied research, and a descriptive- analytical method is used for sample analyzing, and data collection is conducted through library and field (questionnaires, observation and interview) methods. This research contains two statistical population including Cultural Heritage Handicraft and Tourism Organization that from total of 58 people only 35 percent tend to respond so that they assumed as the statistical population. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation and variance) and analytical (single sample t-test, correlation and analysis of variance) techniques were used to analyze the impacts of tourism and the technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution  (TOPSIS) was carried out to prioritize each of the areas approved by the cultural heritage handicraft and tourism organization of Lorestan province. The results of one-sample t-test showed that the average for all aspects evaluated higher than optimum condition except investment and participation indices, and its difference was quite significant for all indices. The results of the Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is a significant positive correlation between tourism and regional development. Therefore, the level of significance of the effects can be explained at 0.95 percent. The results of path analysis showed that the economic aspects have the highest effects (0.529), and the least effect on regional development was related to environmental dimensions (0.287). Furthermore, the model (TOPSIS) represented a large difference in the enjoyment level of proposed sample areas. So, the areas Moorzarin and Falak-ol-aflak Castle with 0.69 and 0.64 had the most enjoyment level, and the areas Makhmalkooh and Kamalvand showed the least coefficient values (0.03 and 0.04), respectively among the tourist sample areas of the province.

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