مکان‌یابی شهرک صنایع دستی گامی در راستای تحقق توسعه گردشگری پایدار (نمونه موردی: شهر شیراز)

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

علیرضا عبداله‌زاده فرد ¹ (استادیار گروه شهرسازی، واحد صفاشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، صفاشهر، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/07/27 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/01/31 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/01/01

کلید واژه: تکنیک دلفی, روش تاپسیس, مکان‌یابی, توسعه گردشگری پایدار, شهرک صنایع دستی,

چکیده مقاله :

     گردشگری پایدار رهیافت جامعی است که خواهان رشد بلندمدت صنعت گردشگری بدون اثرات مخرب بر زیست‌بوم‌های طبیعی است.گردشگری شهری پایدار دو اصل مهم؛ بازیابی منابع فرهنگی و رشد اقتصادی را دنبال می‌کند و دستیابی به آن بدون برنامه‌ریزی امکان‌پذیر نخواهد بود. شهر شیراز به واسطه غنای فرهنگی و جاذبه‌های تاریخی طبیعی خود گردشگران زیادی را به خود جذب می‌کند. صنایع دستی از جمله پتانسیل‌هایی است که به واسطه ماهیت خود می‌تواند اهداف گردشگری شهری پایدار را محقق سازد. هدف از مطالعه حاضر انتخاب مکان بهینه جهت استقرار سایت صنایع دستی در شهر شیراز می‌باشد. جهت انتخاب معیارهای مناسب برای استقرار سایت در مرحله اول از تجربیات سایر کشورهای پیشگام در زمینه تاسیس شهرک صنایع دستی استفاده گردید. سپس جلسه‌ای با حضور دستگاه‌های متولی و ذیربط، استادکاران، صاحبان حرف صنایع دستی، گردشگران و مردم جامعه محلی تشکیل گردید با استفاده از تکنیک دلفی تصمیم‌گیری براساس نظر شرکت‌کنندگان در جلسه، 8 معیار (دسترسی، شیب مناسب، مالکیت، کاربری همجوار، تامین تاسیسات زیربنایی، اندازه قطعات، نزدیکی به محورهای تاریخی و طبیعی) جهت انتخاب سایت تعیین گردید. جهت انتخاب سایت‌های پیشنهادی نیز با در نظر گرفتن مطالب استخراج شده از مبانی نظری و با استفاده از نظر کارشناسان از میان سایت‌های پیشنهادی، 4 سایت انتخاب گردید. جهت انتخاب سایت بهینه با توجه به معیارهای انتخابی از تکنیک تاپسیس استفاده شده است. براساس نتایج حاصل از این تکنیک سایت‌هایی که از نزدیکی نسبی به وضعیت ایده‌آل برخوردارند، برای احداث شهرک و جذب گردشگر در اولویت قرار دارند. سایت شماره 1 (واقع در بلوار گلستان، منطقه 3 شهرداری شیراز) با میزان 0.944= SLi+ نسبت به دیگر سایت‌ها از شرایط گردشگری بهتری برخوردار است. دلیل این انتخاب را می‌توان واقع شدن این سایت در محور تاریخی – فرهنگی و محور عرفان شهر شیراز و همچنین نزدیکی به اصلی‌ترین دروازه ورودی شهر یعنی دروازه قرآن بیان داشت.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The sustainable tourism strategy is a comprehensive approach that demands tourism industry long time growth without destructive effects on ecosystems. Sustainable urban tourism follows two main principles: retrieval of cultural sources and economic growth. It is necessary to mention that planning isn’t ignorable for achieving it. Every year, Shiraz city -because of its cultural richness and natural- historical attraction – attracts lots of tourists. Using region potentials is one of the methods for absorbing tourists and economic growth. Handicraft because of its potentiality can fulfill the sustainable urban tourism goals. Selecting the optimum site for deployment of crafts in Shiraz city is the first and the most important aim of this research.  Firstly for choosing suitable criterias' establishment, the experience of other countries as pioneer in establishing crafts’ site were used. Then, a meeting was made with the owners, craftsmen, crafts professionals, tourists and the local community. Based on participants' ideas, 8 criteria (access, sutible slope, ownership, land use, installation, parcel size and proximity to historical and natural axes) were determined for site selection. At last,  4 sites were selected among the proposed sites based on the mentioned criteria via Topsis method. Based on results, the four selected sites have the relative closeness to the ideal status for town construction and tourist attraction. The first Site (located in Golestan boulevard, the 3^rd region of Shiraz municipality) with SLi= 0.944 compared with the others has better tourism situation. The main reasons of this site selection are Locating in historical- cultural axe, Shiraz's Erfan axe, and also closeness to the main entrance of shiraz- Quran.

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