بررسی ارتباط بین طراحی و بازطراحی فضاهای شهری و وقوع جرم (موردپژوهی: شهر بابل)

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

رضا لحمیان ¹

1 - استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/09/27 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/01/31 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/01/01

کلید واژه: بابل, فضای شهری, جرم, پیشگیری, طراحی و بازطراحی فضاهای شهری,

چکیده مقاله :

در پیشگیری از وقوع جرائم شهری طراحی فضاهای شهری از لحاظ مؤلفه­هایی چون کیفیت محیط، آلودگی دیداری، آلودگی محیطی، نور، فرم و آلودگی نمادی نقش تعیین­کننده­ای دارند. با توجه به این مهم هدف این مقاله سنجش میزان تأثیر کیفیت طراحی و بازطراحی فضاهای شهری شهر بابل در پیشگیری از جرم در این شهر است. پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفی – تحلیلی و به لحاظ هدف کاربردی است که روش آن ترکیبی از مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای، میدانی، اسنادی بوده که شامل مشاهده، مصاحبه با پرسش‌های از پیش تعیین­شده و مصاحبه با برخی از اعضای جامعه آماری است. حجم نمونه مقاله عبارت است از 383 نفر از اهالی شهر بابل که در تعیین حجم نمونه از فرمول کوکران استفاده شده است. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل فرضیات پژوهش از نرم­افزار SPSS و روش‌های آماری (آزمون t تک نمونه‌ای، ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و z فیشر)، استفاده شده است. نتایج آزمون t تک نمونه­ای نشان داد که در شهر همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌دار بین مؤلفه‌های کیفیت محیط (0.176)، کیفیت نور (0.183)، فرم (0.181)، با پیشگیری از وقوع جرم و همبستگی منفی و معنی‌دار بین مؤلفه آلودگی نمادی (0.219-) و آلودگی محیطی (0.229)، با پیشگیری از وقوع جرم در شهر بابل وجود دارد؛ به عبارت دیگر با بهبود هر کدام از مؤلفه‌های کالبدی پیشگیری از وقوع جرم امکان پذیر خواهد شد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In prevention of urban crime design in terms of factors such as environmental quality, visual pollution, environmental pollution, light, form and symbol of contamination are very important. The purpose of this study is to measure effects of quality design and redesign Babol urban spaces in crime prevention. This descriptive - analytical study is practical. This research is based on library, field documentary, descriptive and analytical that is done by observation and interviews with preset questions and interviews with some of the population. The sample size article consists of 383 residents of the city of Babol that in the determination of sample size used Cochran formula. In order to analyze the collected data  SPSS software and statistical methods (one-sample t test, Pearson correlation coefficient and Fisher z) was used. T-test one sample showed that there is a positive and significant correlation among the components of environmental quality (0.176), quality of light (0.183), form (0.181), the prevention of crime and a significant negative correlation between the components of pollution symbol (-0.219) and environmental pollution (0.229), and the prevention of crime in the city of Babol. In other words, crime prevention is possible by improving each physical component.        

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