بررسی وضعیت احساس امنیت در برابر سرقت و شناسایی تعیین‌کننده‌های آن در سکونتگاه‌های روستاییِ شهرستان روانسر

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

علی شمس الدینی ¹ , کرم احمدیان فرد ² , ایران مسعود کاووسی ³

1 - استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران
2 - کارشناسی ارشد حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، واحد دورود، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دورود، ایران
3 - کارشناس ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/05/05 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/05/29 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/08/01

کلید واژه: توسعه روستایی, احساس امنیت, امنیت, سرقت, شهرستان روانسر,

چکیده مقاله :

 امنیت مفهومی چند بعدی و پیچیده است که برای داشتن یک جامعه پویا و سالم، دستیابی به سطح قابل قبولی از آن، از الزامات اساسی است. یکی از مهم­ترین ابعاد امنیت، احساس امنیت شهروندان در برابر سرقت است. در سکونتگاه­های روستایی بخش مرکزی شهرستان روانسر، طی چند سال اخیر تاکنون، سرقت احشام، محصولات زراعی و ماشین­آلات کشاوری و ...، دارای رشد چشمگیری بوده است. به­طوری­که چندین خانوار به علت سرقت، مقدار قابل توجهی از سرمایه­های خود را از دست داده و تعداد قابل توجهی به اجبار منابع معیشتی خود را فروخته و یا اقدام به مهاجرت از روستاها نموده­اند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، که از نوع تحقیقات توصیفی ـ تحلیلی می­باشد، بررسی وضعیت احساس امنیت در برابر سرقت و شناسایی تعیین­کننده­های آن در سکونتگاه­های روستایی واقع در بخش مرکزی شهرستان روانسر می­باشد. جامعه آماری پژوهش را کلیه سرپرستان خانوار روستایی بخش مذکور تشکیل می­دهد و با توجه به محدودیت­های مالی و زمانی، محققان قادر به بررسی نظرات کلیه سرپرستان خانوار روستایی نبوده و با استفاده از جدول بارتلت و همکاران، 200 نفر را به ­­عنوان نمونه آماری در نظر گرفته­اند. ابزار اصلی پژوهش جهت گرداوری داده­ها، پرسشنامه محقق­ساخته بود که روایی و پایایی آن با رعایت اصول علمی، به تأیید نهایی رسیده است. نتایج نشان داد: شایع­ترین نوع سرقت در روستاهای بخش مرکزی شهرستان روانسر، سرقت احشام و سرقت ماشین­آلات و ادوات کشاورزی بوده و میانگین محاسبه شده برای احساس امنیت 63/2 می­باشد که نشان­دهنده وضعیت نامناسب احساس امنیت در محدوده مطالعاتی می­باشد. نتایج مدل نهایی برازش شده رگرسیون چند متغیر نشان داد چهار متغیر مرتبط با احساس امنیت روستاییان بخش مرکزی شهرستان روانسر، توانسته­اند 57 درصد واریانس متغیر وابسته پژوهش را تبیین نمایند. متغیرهای شناسایی شده به ترتیب میزان بیشترین ضرایب رگرسیونی استاندارد شده آن­ها عبارت­اند از: فاصله تا مراکز امنیتی (321/0-)، فاصله از جاده اصلی (278/0)، سرمایه اجتماعی (273/0) و مالکیت منابع سرمایه­ای (152/0-). دقت در نوع و میزان اثر متغیرهای فوق، می­تواند ابزار مناسبی برای حل مسأله احساس امنیت در محدوده مورد مطالعه باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Security is a multidimensional and complex concept That to have a vibrant and healthy community, achieving an acceptable level of it, Is a basic requirement. One of the most important aspects of security, Citizens feel secure Against burglary. In rural settlements that Located in the central district of the Rawansar township, Until the last few years, Theft of livestock, crops and agricultural machinery and etc., There is a lot of growth. So that Several Families Due to theft, have lost A significant amount of their capital and A significant number by force The main sources of their livelihoods, sold or Have to migrate from villages. The purpose of This quantitative research, that is of Analytic descriptive study, is a Review and analysis Emotional state security Against burglary and Determinants of it in the Rural settlements that located in central district of Rawansar township. Research statistical population included All heads of rural households Living in the central district of the Rawansar township and Due to the Financial and time Restrictions, in this study, Unable researchers to Review Comments all rural households and with Using the Bartlett et al table, considered 200 persons of them as the statistical sample. The main research tool for data collection, a questionnaire was made That Its validity and reliability Confirmed, With scientific principles. The results showed The most common type of theft among the Livestock in study area was theft and Theft the Agricultural machinery and equipment and Average calculated for a sense of security in the study area was 2.63, That is Indicating poor sense of security. Shows Results the final regression model fitted That Four variable associated with the feel safe among villagers of the central district of Rawansar township, they could Explain 0.57 of the variance in the dependent variable. Identified variables Respectively Most of the standardized regression coefficients Include: Distance to the security centres (-0.321), The distance from the main road (0.278), Social capital (0.273) and Ownership of capital resources (-0.152). Accuracy in Type and The effect of the above variables,

منابع و مأخذ:

1. Ahmadi, Y. and Esmaeli, A. (2011): The Measure of Women's Societal Security Emotion and Multidimensional Factors Affecting it in Mashhad City, Journal of Applied Sociology the University of Isfahan, 21(2): 169-190 (in Persian).


2. Bazrafshan, J. and Roosta, M. (2016): Evaluation of Factors Affecting the Security Feeling in Rural Areas (Case Study: Markazi District- Township Jahrom), Journal of Zonal Planing, 6(23): 142-152(in Persian).


3. Bayat, B. (2009): Investigating Factors Affecting Security Sentiments among the Tehran citizens (With emphasis on mass media, police performance and crimes), Journal of Social Security, 1(1): 31-55(in Persian).


4. Poorahmad, A., Ayvazlo, M., Mahbobe, H., Ayvazli, D. and Rezaii, F. (2012): An Investigation of the Relationship between Religiosity and Sense of Security in Urban and Rural Areas, Case Study: Koohdasht County, Security and Social Order Strategic Studies Journal, 1(1): 1-20(in Persian).


5. Pourjafar, M.R., Mahmodinegad, H., Rafieian, M. and Ansari, M. (2009): PROMOTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY AND REDUCTION OF URBAN CRIMES WITH EMPHASIS ON CPTED APPROACH, International Journal of Industrial Engineering & Production Management, 19(6): 73-82(in Persian).


6. Jamini, D. and Komasi, H. (2016): Spatial Analysis of Crime Indicators in Iran with Emphasis on Yazd Province, First National Conference on Economic, Social and Cultural Development in Yazd province and Its Perspective On horizon 1404, Organizer: Yazd University, Summer 2016(in Persian).


7. Darbanastane, A., Asgari, H. and Ghorbani, F. (2013): Spatial Analysis and Zoning of Villager’s Feeling of Security, Geographic Space Journal, 3(9): 105-127(in Persian).


8. Rezai-Rad, M., Doagoyan, D. and Amiri, R. (2007): Effectiveness of the Social Security Promotion Plan About the coverage of young women and girls in Sari City, Quarterly Journal of Police Management Studies ,2(4): 501-516(in Persian).


9. Ziari, K., Eyvazloo, D., Eyvazloo, M. and Rika, J. (2013): A Comparative Analysis of the Sense of Security in Urban and Rural Spaces Case study: Koohdasht County, Journal of Rural Research, 4(1): 137-164(in Persian).


10. Sarokhani, B. and Hashemnezhad, F. (2012): A Study on the Relationship Between Social Capital and Social Security in Sari, Sociological Studies of Youth Journal, 2(2), 81-94(in Persian).


11. Samara, E. (2009): Investigating the relationship between social health and social security with emphasis on community-based policing approach, Journal of Social Security, 1(1): 9-29(in Persian).


12. Alikhah, F. and Najibi, M. (2007): Women and Fear of Crime in Urban Spaces, Social welfare quarterly, 6(22): 109-131(in Persian).


13. Golzari, M. (2006): Psychological Explanation of Security (Security from a Psychological Perspective), Proceedings of the Conference Investigating the Role of Psychology, Social counseling and counseling in the provision and development of psychosocial security, 1, 85-110(in Persian).


14. Goli, A. (2011): Women and Security in Urban Public Spaces (Case Study: Azadi Park in Shiraz City), Historical Sociology Quarterly, 3(2): 134-145(in Persian).


15. Modiri, A. (2006): Crime, violence and security in the public spaces of the city, Social welfare quarterly, 6(22): 11-28(in Persian).


16. Mazlum Khorasani, M. and Esmaeeli, A. (2011): Investigating Women’s Sense of Social Security and Factors Influencing it in Mashhad in 2006, Journal of Social Sciences, Vol 3 and 4, 219-251(in Persian).


17. Moiin, M. (2002): Persian Moin Culture, Hashem Printing, Amir Kabir Publications, Tehran(in Persian).


18. Mimohamadsadeghi, H. (2009): Crimes against property and property, Mizan publishing, Tehran(in Persian).


19. Bartlett, J. E., Kotrlik, J. W., and Higgins, C. C (2001): Organizational research: Determining appropriate sample size in survey research.  Information Technology, Learning, and Performance Journal, 19(1): 43-50.


20. Carmona, M., Heath, T., Oc, T. and Tiesdell, S (2002): Public Places, Urban Spaces, Oxford, Architectural Press.


21. Day, K., C. Stump and Carreon, D. (2003): Confrontation and loss of control: Masculinity and men’s fear in public space. Journal of Environmental Psychology. Vol. 23. Pp. 311–322.


22. Doenges, G (2000): An Exploration of sense of community and fear of crime in gated communities. Environment and Behavior, 22(5):595-122.


23. Estes Carroll L (2004): Social Security privatization and older women: A feminist political economy perspective, Journal of Aging Studies, 18, pp: 9-26.


24. Ghazanfari, H and Sajadpour, F (2013): SOCIETAL SECURITY FEELING BETWEEN IRANIAN GIRLS, International Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 2(4): 29-33.


25. Krevers, B and Milberg, A (2014): The Sense of Security in Care - Relatives’ Evaluation (SEC-R) Instrument: Its Development and Presentation, Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, available in: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25150814.


26. Lee, Y.-J (2008): Subjective quality of life measurement in Taipei. Building and Environment, 43(7): 1205–1215.


27. Lindstrom, M (2008): Social capital, anticipated ethnic discrimination and self-reported psychological health: A population- based study, Social Science & Medicine, 66(1): 1-13.


28. Madriz, E (1997): Nothing Bad Happens to Good Girls: Fear of Crime in Woman's Lives, Berkeley, University of California Press.


29. Milberg, Anna., Friedrichsen, M and Jakobsson, M (2014): Patients’ Sense of Security During Palliative CaredWhat Are the Influencing Factors? Journal of Pain and Symptom Management,48(1): 45-55.


30. Persson, E.K., Fridlund, B and Kvist, L.J (2012): Fathers’ sense of security during the first postnatal week - A qualitative interview studies in Sweden, Midwifery, 28 pp: 697-704.


31. Tabrizia, R.L. and Madanipour, A. (2006): Crime and the City: Domestic Burglary and the Built Environment in Tehran. Habitat International, 30(4): 932-944.