اثر روش های مختلف خاک‌ورزی بر عملکرد گلرنگ
محورهای موضوعی :
علی سالک زمانی
1
(عضو هیأت علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان‌شرقی)
کلید واژه: عملکرد, گلرنگ, اجزای عملکرد, خاک‌ورزی, دانه های روغنی, عمق شخم,
چکیده مقاله :
برای بررسی اثر روش های مختلف خاک‌ورزی بر عملکرد گلرنگ و اجزای آن، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی خسروشهر به مدت دو سال 1382 و 1383 اجرا گردید. تیمارها عبارت بودند از : 1- شخم با گاوآهن قلمی به عمق 20 – 15 سانتی‌متر، 2 – شخم با گاوآهن برگردان دار به عمق 20 – 15 سانتی‌متر، 3- شخم با گاوآهن برگردان دار به عمق 30 – 25 سانتی‌متر و 4- بدون عملیات خاک‌ورزی. نتایج نشان داد که اثر سال بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گلرنگ معنی دار نبود و میانگین عملکرد محصول در سال اول 3698 کیلوگرم و در سال دوم 3216 کیلوگرم در هکتار بدست آمد. اثر متقابل سال و خاک ورزی در سطح آماری 5% برای عملکرد محصول معنی دار بود و تیمار بدون عملیات خاک ورزی در سال اول با میانگین عملکرد 4501 کیلوگرم در هکتار بیشترین و تیمار شخم با گاوآهن برگردان دار به عمق 30 – 25 سانتی‌متر با میانگین عملکرد 3204 کیلوگرم در هکتار کمترین عملکرد را داشتند. اثر تیمارهای خاک‌ورزی بر عملکرد محصول معنی‌دار نبود. بیشترین میانگین عملکرد مربوط به تیمار بدون عملیات خاک‌ورزی با میانگین عملکرد 3599 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود و کمترین عملکرد (3307 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در شخم با تیمار گاوآهن قلمی بدست آمد. با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده، روش خاک ورزی در کاشت گلرنگ بعد از برداشت گندم روی عملکرد دانه گلرنگ اثر معنی داری نداشته و با توجه به مزایای کاشت بدون عملیات خاک ورزی، می توان گلرنگ را بدون عملیات خاک‌ورزی کشت نمود.
In order to study the effect of different tillage methods on safflower yield, an experiment was conducted as randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at Khosroshahr Research Station of Azarbaijann – e – Sharqi province of Iran in 2004 and 2005. Treatments comprised of chisel plow in depth of 15 - 20 cm, moldboard plow in depth of 15 - 20 cm, mould board plow in depth of 25 - 30 cm and a check (no tillage). Grain yield and yield components were measured for evaluating and analysis. The results showed that the effect of year was not significant on yield and its components. The mean yield was 3898 kg/ha in the first year and 3216 kg/ha in the second one. The interaction effects of year and tillage methods were significant at 5% level of probability for yield. The highest yield (4501 kg/ha) was observed in no tillage treatment in the first year and chisel plow treatment caused the lowest yield (2696 kg/ha) in the second year. Effect of different tillage methods on safflower grain yield and yield components was not significant. The highest mean yield obtained for no tillage method (3599 kg/ha) and the lowest was related to chisel plow (3307 kg/ha). Based on the results, as safflower yield was not affected by tillage methods after wheat cultivation, therefore safflower can be cultivated without plowing due to no tillage advantages in cultural management.
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