اثر مقدار و روشهای مختلف مصرف آهن و مس بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی گندم(Triticum aestivum L.) رقم پیشتاز در شرایط گلخانه
محورهای موضوعی : بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعیمحمد رضا بوربوری 1 , داود ارادتمند اصلی 2 , محمد مهدی طهرانی 3
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ساوه. ایران.
2 - عضو هیأت علمی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ساوه، ساوه، ایران.
3 - عضو هیأت علمی مؤسسه تحقیقات آب و خاک، کرج، ایران.
کلید واژه: مس, آهن, کلات, مصرف خاکی, اثرآنتاگونیستی, محلول&lrm, پاشی,
چکیده مقاله :
اثر روش های مختلف کود دهی آهن و مس بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی گندم (Triticum aestivum L.) رقم پیشتاز، طی سال 1387 به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ساوه بررسی شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل سه سطح مصرف خاکی آهن و مس (شاهد، 5/2 و 5 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم خاک سولفات مس و شاهد، 5 و 10 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم خاک سولفات آهن) و دو سطح مصرف محلولپاشی این دو عنصر (با غلظت شاهد و 2 در هزار کلات مس و آهن EDTA) بودند. هیچ کدام از تیمارها روی درصد پروتئین و تعداد پنجه گندم اثر معنیداری نداشتند. مصرف خاکی کود آهن موجب افزایش معنی دار اجزای عملکرد، محتوای جذب آهن در دانه و اندام هوایی و تعداد پنجه بارور به ترتیب به میزان 37، 31، 11 و 29 درصد گردید. در صورتی که کاربرد خاکی کود مس موجب افزایش معنی دار اجزای عملکرد، محتوای جذب مس در دانه و غلظت مس در دانه و اندام هوایی به ترتیب به میزان 12، 42، 40 و 42 درصد شد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد عنصر آهن بصورت محلولپاشی در مقایسه با شاهد موجب افزایش معنی دار عملکرد دانه، تعداد دانه در سنبله، محتوای جذب آهن در دانه و غلظت آهن در دانه و اندام هوایی به میزان 20، 4، 6، 14 و 2 درصد گردید، در صورتی که کاربرد عنصر مس بهصورت محلولپاشی موجب افزایش معنیدار غلظت مس در دانه و اندام هوایی و محتوای مس در دانه به ترتیب به میزان 31، 33 و 31 درصد شد. نتایج حاصل از این آزمایش نشان دهنده این است که بین عناصر آهن و مس برهم کنش منفی وجود دارد و با افزایش آهن، درصد مس در گیاه کاهش مییابد.
The effect of different anounts and procedures of Cu and Fe fertilizers applications on yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) var. Pishtaz was evaluated in the greenhouse of Agricultural College of Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University in 2008. A factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was applied. Treatments included three levels of Fe (control, 2.5 and 5 mg.kg -1 of CuSO4.5H2O) and Cu (control, 5 and 10 mg.kg -1 of FeSO4.H2O) fertilizers were applied on the soil and two levels foliar applications (control and 2000 mg.L-1 of Cu-EDTA plus Fe-EDTA). The results did not show significant effect of treatments on protein content and number of tillers. Soil application of Fe fertilizer significantly increased yield components, Fe content in seeds, number of shoots and the number of fertile tillers about 37, 31, 11 and 29%, respectively. Whereas the soil application of Cu significantly increased yield components, uptake and content of Cu in the grain and straw and number of fertile tillers about 12, 42, 40 and 42% respectively. The results showed that spray application of Fe in comparison to the control, significantly increased grain yield, grain number per spike, Fe uptake and Fe concentrations in the grain and straw about 20, 4, 6, 14 and 2% respectively. The foliar application of Cu significantly increased the concentration of Cu in the grain and straw as well as Cu content in the grain about 31, 33 and 33%, respectively. The results of this experiment indicated that there was an antagonistic interactions between Fe and Cu contents in the grain, where by increasing Fe content in the plant, the content of Cu will be reduced and vice versa.
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