بررسی امکان تولید مینیتیوبر در روش کشت آئروپونیک (هواکشت) و مقایسه آن با روش کشت معمولی
محورهای موضوعی :
داود حسن پناه
1
(عضو هیأت علمی مرکز تحقیات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل)
کلید واژه: رقم, سیب‌زمینی, هواکشت, مینی&lrm, تیوبر, صفات,
چکیده مقاله :
این تحقیق به منظور بررسی امکان تولید مینی‎تیوبر دو رقم سیب‎زمینی، در روش هواکشت و مقایسه آن با روش کشت معمولی در سال 1388 در شرکت تولید بذر دشت زرین اردبیل انجام شد. گیاهچه‌های تولیدی از کشت بافت به اتاق تطابق‌پذیری منتقل شدند و سپس در محیط گلخانه‎ای و آزمایشگاهی کشت گردیدند. در روش هوا کشت و معمولی، گیاهچه‎های دو رقم سیب‎زمینی (آگریا و ساوالان) براساس طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار و با تراکم کاشت 10×10 سانتی‎متر کشت شدند. در طی دوره رشد و بعد از برداشت صفات طول ریشه، طول استولون، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد و وزن مینی‎تیوبر در بوته و در مترمربع، متوسط اندازه مینی‎تیوبر و وضعیت انبارمانی مینی‎تیوبرها بررسی شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس صفات مورد ارزیابی نشان داد که بین روش کشت، ارقام و اثر متقابل آن‎ها از لحاظ صفات تعداد و وزن مینی‎تیوبر در متر مربع، متوسط اندازه مینی‎تیوبر، ارتفاع بوته و طول استولون اختلاف معنی‎دار وجود دارد. رقم ساوالان در روش هواکشت تعداد و وزن مینی‎تیوبر در متر مربع، طول استولون و طول ریشه بیشتری نسبت به رقم آگریا داشت. تعداد و وزن مینی‎تیوبر در متر مربع در روش هواکشت نسبت به روش معمولی به‎ترتیب 110 و 38 درصد بود. در این آزمایش با توجه به افزایش تعداد 493 مینی‎تیوبر در مترمربع روش هواکشت انتخاب و توصیه می‎شود.
This study was performed to examine the possibile production of mini-tubers (seeds) of two potato cultivars (Savalan and Agria) in an aeroponic system and its comparison with the conventional cultivation method in 2009 at Seed Production Company of Dashte-Zarin, Ardebil. Seedlings obtained from tissue culture were transferred to an adaptation room and then planted in the greenhouse under in vivo conditions. In both aeroponic and conventional systems, a completely randomized design with three replications having plant densities of 10×10 cm2 was used. During the growth period and after harvest, characteristics like root length, stolon length, plant height, number and weight of mini-tubers per plant and m2, average of mini-tuber size and mini-tuber storage durability were measured. Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences between two systems, two cultivars and their interactions for the number and weight of mini-tuber/ m2, average of mini-tuber size, plant height and stolon length. Savalan cultivar had higher mini-tuber number and weight (per m2), stolon length and root length than Agria cultivar. Number and weight (per m2) of mini-tubers, in an aeroponic system was 110% and 38% higher than the conventional method, respectively. In this experiment, because of increasing 493 mini-tuber/m2, aeroponic approch was chosed and recommended for potato seed production.
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