The Gravitational Model of Language Availability and Interpreting: A Critical Review
محورهای موضوعی : نشریه تخصصی زبان، فرهنگ، و ترجمه (دوفصلنامه)
1 - Department of Foreign Languages, South Tehran Branch,Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
کلید واژه: Gravitational Model, Interpreting, language availability ,
چکیده مقاله :
Due to the use of extensive technical terminology and words in conferences, interpreters often struggle with lexical selection, both in comprehending and retrieving lexical items from long-term memory for speech production (Gile,1990a; Pochhacker, 2008). Hence, the Gravitational Model of lexical availability was developed by Gile (2009) to represent certain rules available to interpreters for active use of lexical items at a given point in time. By placing great emphasis on time pressure during the interpreting process, Gile’s Gravitational Model posits that lexical items used occasionally by the interpreters require a significant amount of processing to be highly available for active use. In this regard, under the tenets of the Gravitational Model, the researcher, in this study, reviews certain guidelines and strategies that enhance lexical availability among interpreter trainees. The major implication drawn from this study is that the rules of written language contrast with those of spoken language. That is to say, lexical items are not stimulated equally in the oral and written systems, relying on their frequency in written and spoken language systems. Moreover, this study also highlights the fact that different lexical items have different levels of availability for interpreters, ranging from those words that can be retrieved instantly and effortlessly from long-term memory to those lexical items that are unavailable at a given moment. Collectively, based on the paradigms of the Gravitational Model, the researcher suggests certain specific guidelines and principles for lexical preparation.
Due to the use of extensive technical terminology and words in conferences, interpreters often struggle with lexical selection, both in comprehending and retrieving lexical items from long-term memory for speech production (Gile,1990a; Pochhacker, 2008). Hence, the Gravitational Model of lexical availability was developed by Gile (2009) to represent certain rules available to interpreters for active use of lexical items at a given point in time. By placing great emphasis on time pressure during the interpreting process, Gile’s Gravitational Model posits that lexical items used occasionally by the interpreters require a significant amount of processing to be highly available for active use. In this regard, under the tenets of the Gravitational Model, the researcher, in this study, reviews certain guidelines and strategies that enhance lexical availability among interpreter trainees. The major implication drawn from this study is that the rules of written language contrast with those of spoken language. That is to say, lexical items are not stimulated equally in the oral and written systems, relying on their frequency in written and spoken language systems. Moreover, this study also highlights the fact that different lexical items have different levels of availability for interpreters, ranging from those words that can be retrieved instantly and effortlessly from long-term memory to those lexical items that are unavailable at a given moment. Collectively, based on the paradigms of the Gravitational Model, the researcher suggests certain specific guidelines and principles for lexical preparation.
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