تأثیر محلول¬پاشی سالیسیلیک اسید بر خصوصیات مرفولوژیک و فیزیولوژیک لوبیا در شرایط تنش نیکل
محورهای موضوعی : تنش
فرشاد قوشچی
1
,
حمید رضا توحیدی مقدم
2
,
علیرضا صفاهانی
3
1 - گروه اگروتکنولوژی، واحد ورامین-پیشوا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،ورامین، ایران
2 - گروه اگروتکنولوژی، واحد ورامین-پیشوا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،ورامین، ایران
3 - بخش تحقیقات گياهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران
کلید واژه: لوبیا, سالیسیلیک اسید, کلروفیل, گیاه پالایی, نیکل,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی اثر محلول¬پاشی سالیسیلیک اسید بر خصوصیات مرفولوژیک و فیزیولوژیک لوبیا در شرایط تنش نیکل در دانشکده کشاورزي دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ورامین- پیشوا در سال 98-1397 اجرا گردید. این بررسی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام گرفت. فاکتورهای اعمال شده در این پژوهش شامل نیکل از منبع کلرید نیکل در چهار سطح صفر (شاهد)، 50، 100 و 150 میلی¬گرم در کیلوگرم خاک و محلول¬پاشی سالیسیلیک اسید در سه سطح صفر (شاهد)، 5/0 و 1 میلی¬مولار در لیتر بود. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که نیکل باعث کاهش ارتفاع بوته، طول ریشه، وزن خشک ریشه، وزن خشک بوته، تعداد غلاف در بوته، تعداد دانه در غلاف، وزن صد دانه، کلروفیل، محتوای نسبی آب برگ و افزایش پرولین و جذب نیکل در ریشه، اندام هوایی و دانه شد. بیشترین تأثیر نیکل در تیمار 150 میلی¬گرم در کیلوگرم خاک نیکل به دست آمد. مشاهده شد که کاربرد سالیسیلیک اسید توانست موجب افزایش ارتفاع بوته، طول ریشه، وزن خشک ریشه، وزن خشک بوته، تعداد غلاف در بوته، تعداد دانه در غلاف، وزن صد دانه، کلروفیل، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، پرولین، جذب نیکل در ریشه و کاهش جذب نیکل در اندام هوایی و دانه گردید، به طور کلی بیشترین تأثیر مثبت در کاربرد 1 میلی¬مولار در لیتر سالیسیلیک اسید حاصل گردید. نتایج به دست آمده اثرات مثبت سالیسیلیک اسید به خصوص در شرایط حضور نیکل و کاهش اثرات منفی ناشی از آن تنش در لوبیا را نشان داد. بنابراین کاربرد سالیسیلیک اسید برای تعدیل بخشیدن اثرات منفی ناشی ازتنش فلز سنگین نیکل پیشنهاد می¬گردد.
In order to investigate the effect of salicylic acid foliar application on the morphological and physiological characteristics of beans under nickel stress conditions, it was carried out in the Faculty of Agriculture of Islamic Azad University, Varamin-Pishwa Branch in 2017-2018. This research was done as a factorial in the form of a completely randomized design with three replications. The factors applied in this research include nickel from the source of nickel chloride at four levels of zero (control), 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg of soil and spraying salicylic acid at three levels of zero (control), 0.5 and 1. It was millimolar per liter. The obtained results showed that nickel decreased plant height, root length, root dry weight, plant dry weight, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, hundred seed weight, chlorophyll, relative leaf water content and increased proline and nickel absorption. In root, shoot and seed. The greatest effect of nickel was obtained in the treatment of 150 mg/kg of nickel soil. It was observed that the application of salicylic acid could increase plant height, root length, dry weight of roots, dry weight of plants, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, weight of one hundred seeds, chlorophyll, relative content of leaf water, proline, absorption of nickel in roots. And the absorption of nickel in aerial parts and seeds was reduced, in general, the most positive effect was obtained in the application of 1 mmol/l salicylic acid. The obtained results showed the positive effects of salicylic acid, especially in the presence of nickel, and the reduction of the negative effects caused by that stress in beans. Therefore, the use of salicylic acid is suggested to moderate the negative effects caused by heavy nickel metal stress.
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