ارزیابی تاثیر شاخص های فردی و محیطی ادراک بر سلامت در محله های مسکونی استان مازندران
محورهای موضوعی : شهرسازیمیترا فرجی 1 , راحله رستمی 2 , مریم شباک 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری رشته معماری، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه مهندسی معماری، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی ، ساری، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه مهندسی معماری، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی ، ساری، ایران
کلید واژه: سلامت, ادراک, ویژگی های محیط, عوامل فردی, مازندران,
چکیده مقاله :
سلامت وابسته به مجموعه ی گسترده ای از عوامل است. عوامل بیولوژیکی، محیطی و اجتماعی بر میزان سلامت نقش دارند. ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﯿﻦ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي فردی و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ محیطی بر میزان سلامت ناشناخته باقی مانده است. لذا ارتباط ویژگی های ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ و عوامل فردی ﺑﺎ ﺳﻼﻣﺖِ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ مورد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار می گیرد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی رابطه ی بین عوامل سطح فردی و محیطی با میزان سلامت شهروندان مازندرانی به روش پیمایشی انجام گرفت.این پژوهش از نظر هدف از نوع تحقیقات کاربردی و به لحاظ نحوه گردآوری اطلاعات، از نوع پیمایشی و توصیفی محسوب می شود. در گام نخست عوامل موثر بر ادراک محیط از منابع معتبر داخلی و خارجی استخراج گردید دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺳﻼﻣﺖ از پرسشنامه ی استاندارد (sf36)استفاده گردید. سپس ویژگی های فردی شامل سن، جنسیت و تحصلات در کنار وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﻠﻪ شامل؛ امنیت، امکانات، زیبایی شناسی و مقصد اندازه گیری شدند. داده های جمع آوری شده مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. جامعه ی آماری توسط نمونه گیری طبقه بندی شده با تعداد نمونه ی450 نفر در محلات برگزیده ی شهر های نور،آمل،بابلسر و چالوس در استان مازندران انجام گردید. نتایج حاکی از این بود که شاخص های فردی بجز جنسیت بر میزان سلامت موثر بود بطوریکه با افزایش سن و میزان تحصیلات شاهد کاهش میزان سلامت بودیم. شاخص های محیط نیز بر میزان سلامت تاثیرگزار بود. یعنی با فزایش شاخص های محیطی شاخص های سلامت نیز افزایش یافت.
Health depends on a wide range of factors. Biological, environmental and social factors play a role in health. relationship between some individual variables and environmental factors on health remains unknown. Health depends on a wide range of factors. Biological, environmental and social factors play a role in health. We aim to promote health condition in a wide range of neighborhoods. Since designs of urban environments influence on the health of people, this study was performed to determine the relationship between Perception of environmental variables and public health in residential neighborhoods as well as the role of environmental preferences as a mediating variable among the people of Mazandaran. Collected data using a questionnaire were provided in two parts. The first part of the questionnaire is about the health which is based on the standard questionnaire (SF36). This questionnaire on a global scale is applicable to assess the level of health evaluation. In part two, the neighborhood characteristics environment, its security, facilities, aesthetics, and destination were measured. To do a survey, 450 residents were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results indicated that individual indicators except gender were effective on the level of health, so that with the increase in age and level of education, we saw a decrease in the level of health. In general, environmental indicators had an impact on the level of health. So that with the increase of the mentioned environmental indicators, the health indicators also increased.
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