تولید فیلم زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر بر پایه نانوذرات اکسید روی-پلی لاکتیک اسید– نشاسته و ارزیابی خواص آن
محورهای موضوعی : کاربرد شیمی در محیط زیست
هادی اسلامی
1
(گروه مهندسی شیمی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،تهران،ایران)
هدا جعفری زاده مالمیری
2
(Department of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran)
حسین علی خنکدار
3
(پژوهشکده فرآیند، پژوهشگاه پلیمر و پتروشیمی ایران، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: فیلم‌های زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر, پلی لاکتیک اسید, نشاسته, نانوذرات اکسید روی ,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه توسعه و ساخت فیلم‌های زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر با استفاده از ترکیبات طبیعی، به‌عنوان جایگزینی مناسب برای پلاستیک‌های مصنوعی میباشد. فیلم‌های زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر حاوی پلی لاکتیک اسید (PLA) و نشاسته (Starch) در سه نسبت وزنی 10/90، 20/80 و 30/70 تهیه و با استفاده از تکنیک‌های طیف‌سنج مادون‌قرمز تبدیل فوریه ، پراش اشعه ایکس، گرماوزن سنجی ، میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی - عبوری و طیف سنجی پراش انرژی پرتو ایکس مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین مقدار نشاسته (30 درصد) منجر به شکنندگی و استحکام کمتر لایه‌های Starch/PLA میگردد. همچنین افزودن 5 درصد آنیدرید مالئیک (MA) و نانوذرات اکسیدروی (ZnONPs) به فیلم، چسبندگی بین دوفاز را افزایش داد. علاوه بر این، با افزایش مقدار ZnONPs از 1 به 5 درصد در فرمولاسیون فیلم، ساختار آمورف فیلم به طور معنی داری(0.05P<) افزایش یافته و فیلم های حاوی 1 و 5 درصد ZnONPs دارای اندازه های کریستالی 14/34و 4/28 نانومتر میباشند. نتایج نشان میدهد که با افزایش مقدار ZnONPs در فیلم از 1 به 5 درصد، مقاومت حرارتی آن افزایش و وزن فیلم‌ها از 13/95 به 19/88 درصد کاهش یافت. همچنین درصد تخریب فیلم ها پس از یک ماه از 3/77 به 39/69 درصد کاهش یافت. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که فیلم های بر پایه MA/ZnONPs/Starch/PLA با نسبت 5/5/20/80، دارای کربن، اکسیژن و روی به ترتیب با درصد وزنی 3/70، 1/25 و 6/4 میباشد.
Biodegradable films containing poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and starch with three ratios of 90/10, 80/20 and 70/ 30 were prepared and analyzed using FT-IR, FESEM, XRD, EDS and TGA. Results of FT-IR and FESEM indicated that highest amount of starch (30 %) was lead to fragile and less strength of PLA/Starch films. Results indicated that by addition of 5% maleic anhydride (MA) and ZnO NPs to the film formulation, adhesion between the two phases was significantly (p < 0.05) increased Furthermore, by increasing amount of ZnO NPs from 1 to 5% into the film formulation, amorphous structure of the film was significantly (p < 0.05) increased, and the films containing 1 and 5% ZnO NPs had crystal size of 34.14 and 28.4 nm, respectively. Results indicated that by increasing the amount of ZnO NPs in the film formulation from 1 to 5 %, its thermal resistance increased and weight loss decreased from 95.13 to 88.19 %, respectively. Furthermore, degradation percentage of the films decreased from 77.3 to 69.39%, respectively, after one month. Results indicated that film, based on PLA/Starch/MA/ ZnO NPs with ratio of 80/20/5/5 had carbon, oxygen and Zinc with weight percentage of 70.3, 25.1 and 4.6%, respectively.
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