بررسی ادراک زیبایی‌شناختی شهروندان در طراحی فضای سبز شهری: بررسی پراکندگی درختان و درختچه‌های زینتی در بوشهر، ایران
رضا آماره
1
(گروه باغبانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
بهزاد کاویانی
2
(گروه باغبانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
شهرام صداقت حور
3
(گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد رشت)
محمد صادق الهیاری
4
(گروه مدیریت کشاورزی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
کلید واژه: زیبایی‌شناختی, درختچه‌ها, درختان, فضای سبز شهری,
چکیده مقاله :
گسترش و احیای فضاهای سبز شهری نشان‌دهنده یک تقاضای اجتماعی رو به رشد در میان شهروندان کشورهای در حال توسعه است. اگرچه، در ایران این تلاش‌ها با چالش‌های قابل توجهی به دلیل مناطق خشک کشور و افزایش انتظارات مردم از کیفیت بصری و محیطی مواجه است. انتخاب گونه‌های درختی در طراحی منظر شهری نقش مهمی در شکل‌دهی جنبه‌های زیبایی‌شناختی، احساسی و محیطی مناطق شهری دارد. برای ارزیابی تأثیر درختان و درختچه‌های زینتی در فضای شهری بوشهر، نظرسنجی مبتنی بر پرسشنامه با نمونه آماری 200 شهروند بوشهری با تمرکز بر پنج گونه Bougainvillea sp.، Ficus elastica، Conocarpus erectus، Clerodendrum inerme و Dodonea viscosa انجام شد. تجزیه و تحلیل نشان داد که "احساس عاطفی" و "زیبایی محیطی درک شده" ۹/۷۰ درصد از تنوع ادراک زیبایی‌شناختی جامعه را تشکیل می‌دهند. علاوه بر این، آزمون ناپارامتریک فریدمن تفاوت‌های قابل توجهی را در درک زیبایی‌شناختی جامعه از درختان مورد مطالعه، با پاسخ دهندگان به زیبایی شناختی بالاتر در Bougainvillea sp. و F. elastica نشان داد. انتخاب مؤثر گونه‌های گیاهی برای فضاهای سبز شهری نه تنها جذابیت بصری را افزایش می‌دهد، بلکه تأثیر مثبتی بر رفاه عاطفی افراد نیز دارد. این امر مستلزم بررسی کامل عوامل محیطی و واکنش‌های احساسی است. با ادغام این مفاهیم در طراحی، همراه با افزایش آگاهی از گونه های مناطق خشک، می‌توان تا حدی رضایت از فضاهای شهری را افزایش داد.
چکیده انگلیسی :
Expanding and restoring urban green spaces represent a growing social demand among citizens in developing countries. However, in Iran, these efforts face significant challenges due to the country's arid regions and the heightened expectations of people regarding visual and environmental quality. The selection of tree species in urban landscape design plays a crucial role in shaping the aesthetic, emotional, and environmental aspects of urban areas. To evaluate the impact of ornamental trees and shrubs in Bushehr's urban space, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted with a statistical sample of 200 Bushehri citizens, focusing on five species: Bougainvillea sp., Ficus elastica, Conocarpus erectus, Clerodendrum inerme, and Dodonea viscosa. Analysis revealed that "emotional feeling" and "perceived environmental beauty" constituted 70.9% of society’s aesthetic perception variance. Additionally, Friedman’s nonparametric test highlighted significant differences in society’s aesthetic perception of the studied trees, with respondents noting higher perceived cognitive beauty in Bougainvillea sp. and F. elastica. Effective selection of plant species for urban green spaces not only enhances visual appeal but also positively impacts people’s emotional well-being. This requires a thorough consideration of environmental factors and emotional responses. By integrating these concepts into the design, along with raising awareness of arid region species, satisfaction with urban spaces can be partially increased.
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