بررسی ادراک زیبایی‌شناختی شهروندان در طراحی فضای سبز شهری: بررسی پراکندگی درختان و درختچه‌های زینتی در بوشهر، ایران
رضا آماره
1
(
گروه باغبانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران
)
بهزاد کاویانی
2
(
گروه باغبانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران
)
شهرام صداقت حور
3
(
گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد رشت
)
محمد صادق الهیاری
4
(
گروه مدیریت کشاورزی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران
)
الکلمات المفتاحية: زیبایی‌شناختی, درختچه‌ها, درختان, فضای سبز شهری,
ملخص المقالة :
گسترش و احیای فضاهای سبز شهری نشان‌دهنده یک تقاضای اجتماعی رو به رشد در میان شهروندان کشورهای در حال توسعه است. اگرچه، در ایران این تلاش‌ها با چالش‌های قابل توجهی به دلیل مناطق خشک کشور و افزایش انتظارات مردم از کیفیت بصری و محیطی مواجه است. انتخاب گونه‌های درختی در طراحی منظر شهری نقش مهمی در شکل‌دهی جنبه‌های زیبایی‌شناختی، احساسی و محیطی مناطق شهری دارد. برای ارزیابی تأثیر درختان و درختچه‌های زینتی در فضای شهری بوشهر، نظرسنجی مبتنی بر پرسشنامه با نمونه آماری 200 شهروند بوشهری با تمرکز بر پنج گونه Bougainvillea sp.، Ficus elastica، Conocarpus erectus، Clerodendrum inerme و Dodonea viscosa انجام شد. تجزیه و تحلیل نشان داد که "احساس عاطفی" و "زیبایی محیطی درک شده" ۹/۷۰ درصد از تنوع ادراک زیبایی‌شناختی جامعه را تشکیل می‌دهند. علاوه بر این، آزمون ناپارامتریک فریدمن تفاوت‌های قابل توجهی را در درک زیبایی‌شناختی جامعه از درختان مورد مطالعه، با پاسخ دهندگان به زیبایی شناختی بالاتر در Bougainvillea sp. و F. elastica نشان داد. انتخاب مؤثر گونه‌های گیاهی برای فضاهای سبز شهری نه تنها جذابیت بصری را افزایش می‌دهد، بلکه تأثیر مثبتی بر رفاه عاطفی افراد نیز دارد. این امر مستلزم بررسی کامل عوامل محیطی و واکنش‌های احساسی است. با ادغام این مفاهیم در طراحی، همراه با افزایش آگاهی از گونه های مناطق خشک، می‌توان تا حدی رضایت از فضاهای شهری را افزایش داد.
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