اثر محلول‌پاشی محرك‌هاي زيستي فسنوترن و هيومي‌فورته بر برخی صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیک و فیتوشیمیایی آويشن باغي (Thymus vulgaris L.) تحت تنش کم‌آبی
محورهای موضوعی : تنش
الهام دانائی
1
(گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران)
وحید عبدوسی
2
( گروه علوم باغی و زراعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: اسانس, آنتی‌اکسیدان کل, پرولین, شاخص‌های رشد, شرایط گلخانه.,
چکیده مقاله :
تنش كمبود آب، یکی از مهمترین عوامل محيطي محدود كننده رشد و عملکرد گياهان به ویژه در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک می‌باشد. محرك‌هاي زيستي، مواد بيولوژيكي هستند كه موجب تحريك متابوليسم و فرآيندهاي متابوليكي در جهت افزايش كارآيي گياهان مي‌شوند. به‌منظور بررسي اثر تنش کم‌آبی و محرك‌هاي زيستي فسنوترن و هيومي‌فورته بر برخی صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیک و فیتوشیمیایی آويشن باغی (.Thymus vulgaris L)، آزمایشی بصورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 12 تیمار و 3 تکرار در سال 1399 و در شرایط گلخانه انجام شد. بدین‌ترتیب که نشاهای حاصل از کشت بذر پس از گذشت دو هفته از انتقال به گلدان در معرض تیمارهای تنش کم‌آبی (25، 50، 75 و 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) قرارگرفتند. محلول‌پاشی گیاهان با فسنوترن و هيومي‌فورته (5 میلی‌لیتر) نیز سه مرتبه و هر 15 روز یکبار انجام شد. صفات مورد نظر 15 روز پس از اعمال آخرین تیمارها ارزیابی شدند. نتايج نشان داد که افزایش سطوح تنش کم‌آبی (25 و 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) موجب کاهش معنی‌‌دار شاخص‌های رشد، محتوای کلروفیل، درصد آنتی‌اکسیدان کل و اسانس و افزایش میزان پرولین اندام هوایی گردید. برهمکنش خشکی و محرك‌هاي زيستي فسنوترن و هيومي‌فورته با كاهش معنی‌‌دار تنش اكسيداتيو حاصل از کم‌آبی موجب بهبود صفات مورد ارزیابی بجز میزان پرولین گردید. بیشترین درصد اسانس (%34/2) در محلول‌پاشي با هیومی‌فورته و در ظرفیت زراعی 75 درصد بدست آمد. در مجموع محلول‌پاشی فسنوترن و هيومي‌فورته موجب کاهش اثرات منفی تنش کم‌آبی در گیاه آويشن باغی گردید.
Water stress is one of the most important environmental factors limiting the growth and yield of plants, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Bio-stimulants are biological substances that stimulate metabolism and metabolic processes to increase plant efficiency. To investigate the effects of low water stress and bio-stimulants of Fosnutren and Humiforte on some morphophysiological and phytochemical traits of thyme, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with 12 treatments and 3 replications in 2020 performed in greenhouse conditions. Therefore, the seedlings obtained from seed cultivation after two weeks of transfer to the pot, were exposed to dehydration stress treatments (25, 50, 75 and 100% of field capacity). Foliar application of plants with Fosnutren and Humiforte (5 ml) was performed three times and once every 15 days. The desired traits were evaluated 15 days after the last treatments. The results showed that increasing the levels of low water stress (25 and 50% of field capacity) caused a significant decrease in growth indices, chlorophyll content, total antioxidant percentage and essential oils and increase in proline content. Simultaneous treatment of drought and bio-stimulants of Fosnutren and humiforte with significantly reduced oxidative stress due to dehydration improved the evaluated traits except the amount of proline. The highest percentage of essential oil (2.34%) in Fosnutren foliar spraying and was obtained at 75% field capacity. In general, foliar application of Fosnutren and Humiforte reduced the negative effects of dehydration in thyme.
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