اثرکانون توجه مبتنی برتعادل و دقت در ضربةآبدلیوچاگی بر هوگوی الکترونیکی تکواندوکاران دختر
محورهای موضوعی :
علوم ورزش
مهرو کمرانی نجفآبادی
1
,
پژمان احمدی
2
,
ناهید صادقی
3
1 - کارشناس ارشد علوم ورزشی، گرایش روانشناسی ورزش، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج. کرج. ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی،دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد یادگار امام خمینی (ره) شهر ری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد پرند، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی، پرند، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1399/12/09
تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/12/09
تاریخ انتشار : 1399/09/01
کلید واژه:
تعادل,
دقت,
کانون توجه درونی,
کانون توجه بیرونی,
آبدلیوچاگی,
چکیده مقاله :
نقش توجه در عملکرد ورزشکاران از نظر تئوری و عملی حائز اهمیت میباشد. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی اثر کانون توجه درونی مبتنی بر تعادل و کانون توجه بیرونی مبتنی بر دقت بر ضربة آبدلیوچاگی در امتیازگیری از هوگوی الکترونیکی دختران تکواندوکار نیمه ماهر بود. طرح این پژوهش، بهشکل پیشآزمون- پسآزمون با گروه کنترل بود .جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر شامل 45 نفر از ورزشکاران دختر (10-14 سال) با ردة کمربند قرمز بودند. بعد از انجام پیشآزمون شرکتکنندگان بهطور تصادفی در 3 گروه کانون توجه مبتنی بر تعادل، دقت و کنترل تقسیم شدند. نتایج تحلیل کوواریانس نشان داد بین میانگین تعدیل شده امتیازات حاصل از ضربه آبدولیوچاگی گروه کانون توجه مبتنی بر دقت، کانون توجه مبتنی بر تعادل و بدون کانون توجه تفاوت معنیداری وجود ندارد. بنابراین، کانون توجه مبتنی بر دقت و تعادل بر امتیازات حاصل از ضربه آبدولیوچاگی اثر معنیداری نداشت. با توجه به نتایج پژوهش حاضر پیشنهاد میگردد مربیان در هنگام تمرین و مسابقات تاکید خاصی بر کانون توجه درونی ورزشکار مبتنی برتعادل و کانون توجه بیرونی مبتنی بر دقت جهت امتیازگیری از حریف نداشته باشند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
The role of attention in the performance of athletes is important in theory and practice. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of internal focus of attention based on balance and external focus of attention based on the accuracy of the Abdoliochagi in scoring from the e-hogu of girls of Taekwondo. The research design was pre-test and post-test with control group. The participants in this study were 45 female athletes from the age group of 10-14 having the red belt. After the pretest, participants were randomly divided into three group balance, accuracy, and control. The results of analysis of covariance showed that there was no significant difference between the adjusted mean scores of the Abdoliochagi Impact Score of the attention-focused group, the balance-based and non-focused attention group. Therefore, the focus of attention based on accuracy and balance did not have a significant effect on the scores obtained from the Abdoliochagi Impact. According to the results of this study, it is recommended that coaches during training and competitions do not emphasize on the focus of the athlete's inner attention on the balance and the focus of the external attention on the accuracy of the strikes in order to score points from the opponent.
منابع و مأخذ:
حجازی دینان، پ.، اصلانخانی، م. ع.، فرخی، ا.، شجاعی، م. (1390). اثر دستورالعمل کانون توجه بر سینماتیک و دقت پرتاب طی یادگیری پرتاب دارت در افراد مبتدی، رفتار حرکتی پژوهش در علوم ورزشی.
Abdollahipour, R., Nieto, M. P., Psotta, R., & Wulf, G. (2017). External focus of attention and autonomy support have additive benefits for motor performance in children. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 32, 17-24.
Bell, J. J., & Hardy, J. (2009). Effects of attentional focus on skilled performance in golf. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 21(2), 163-177.
Bernstein, N. A. (1996). Resources for ecological psychology. Dexterity and its development (ML Latash & MT Turvey, Eds.). Hillsdale, NJ, US.
Carpenter, S. K., Lohse, K. R., Healy, A. F., Bourne Jr, L. E., & Clegg, B. A. (2013). External focus of attention improves performance in a speeded aiming task. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 2(1), 14-19.
Chiviacowsky, S., Wulf, G., & Wally, R. (2010). An external focus of attention enhances balance learning in older adults. Gait & posture, 32(4), 572-575.
Cho, S. H., & Choi, Y. S. (2012). The effects of alcohol on static balance in university students. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 24(11), 1195-1197.
Cluff, T., Gharib, T., & Balasubramaniam, R. (2010). Attentional influences on the performance of secondary physical tasks during posture control. Experimental brain research, 203(4), 647-658.
De Bruin, E. D., Swanenburg, J., Betschon, E., & Murer, K. (2009). A randomised controlled trial investigating motor skill training as a function of attentional focus in old age. BMC geriatrics, 9(1), 15.
de Melker Worms, J. L., Stins, J. F., van Wegen, E. E., Loram, I. D., & Beek, P. J. (2017). Influence of focus of attention, reinvestment and fall history on elderly gait stability. Physiological reports, 5(1), e13061.
Duke, R. A., Cash, C. D., & Allen, S. E. (2011). Focus of attention affects performance of motor skills in music. Journal of Research in Music Education, 59(1), 44-55.
Granados, C. (2010). The Effects of observation, dialogue, and attentional focus in dyadic training protocol.
Hossner, E. J., & Ehrlenspiel, F. (2006). Paralysis by analysis and a nodal point strategy of motor control. Manuskript in Vorbereitung.
Jackson, B. H., & Holmes, A. M. (2011). The effects of focus of attention and task objective consistency on learning a balancing task. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 82(3), 574-579.
Kim, T., Jimenez-Diaz, J., & Chen, J. (2017). The effect of attentional focus in balancing tasks: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 12(2), 463-479.
Landers, M., Wulf, G., Wallmann, H., & Guadagnoli, M. (2005). An external focus of attention attenuates balance impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease who have a fall history. Physiotherapy, 91(3), 152-158.
Laufer, Y., Rotem-Lehrer, N., Ronen, Z., Khayutin, G., & Rozenberg, I. (2007). Effect of attention focus on acquisition and retention of postural control following ankle sprain. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 88(1), 105-108.
Lohse, K. R., Sherwood, D. E., & Healy, A. F. (2010). How changing the focus of attention affects performance, kinematics, and electromyography in dart throwing. Human Movement Science, 29(4), 542-555.
Magill, R.A. and Anderson, D.I., (2007). Motor learning and control: Concepts and applications (Vol. 11). New York: McGraw-Hill.
McNevin, N., Weir, P., & Quinn, T. (2013). Effects of attentional focus and age on suprapostural task performance and postural control. Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 84(1), 96-103.
McNevin, N. H., Shea, C. H., & Wulf, G. (2003). Increasing the distance of an external focus of attention enhances learning. Psychological research, 67(1), 22-29.
Park, S. H., Yi, C. W., Shin, J. Y., & Ryu, Y. U. (2015). Effects of external focus of attention on balance: a short review. Journal of physical therapy science, 27(12), 3929-3931.
Pons Van Dijk, G., Lenssen, A., Leffers, P., Kingma, H., & Lodder, J. (2013). Taekwondo training improves balance in volunteers over 40. Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 5, 10., 5, p.10.
Porter, J., Wu, W., & Partridge, J. (2010). Focus of attention and verbal instructions: Strategies of elite track and field coaches and athletes. Sport Science Review, 19(3-4), 77-89.
Ramazanoglu, N. (2012). Effectiveness of foot protectors and forearm guards in Taekwondo. Archives of Budo, 8(4), 207-211.
Wulf, G., & Prinz, W. (2001). Directing attention to movement effects enhances learning: A review. Psychonomic bulletin & review, 8(4), 648-660..
Wulf, G. (2013). Attentional focus and motor learning: a review of 15 years. International Review of sport and Exercise psychology, 6(1), 77-104.
Wulf, G., Höß, M., & Prinz, W. (1998). Instructions for motor learning: Differential effects of internal versus external focus of attention. Journal of motor behavior, 30(2), 169-179.
Wulf, G., Wulf, G., Hossner, E. J., & Wenderoth, N. (2007). Gabriele Wulf on attentional focus and motor learning [Target article]. Attentional focus and motor learning: A review of, 10.
Wulf, G., McNevin, N., & Shea, C. H. (2001). The automaticity of complex motor skill learning as a function of attentional focus. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 54(4), 1143-1154.
Wulf, G., Mercer, J., McNevin, N., & Guadagnoli, M. A. (2004). Reciprocal influences of attentional focus on postural and suprapostural task performance. Journal of motor behavior, 36(2), 189-199.
Wulf, G., Töllner, T., & Shea, C. H. (2007). Attentional focus effects as a function of task difficulty. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 78(3), 257-264.
Zachry, T., Wulf, G., Mercer, J., & Bezodis, N. (2005). Increased Movement Accuracy And Reduced EMG Activity In Response To An External Focus Of Attention. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 37(5).
Zarghami, M., Saemi, E., & Fathi, I. (2012). External focus of attention enhances discus throwing performance. Kinesiology: International journal of fundamental and applied kinesiology, 44(1), 47-51.
Zentgraf, K., & Munzert, J. (2009). Effects of attentional-focus instructions on movement kinematics. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10(5), 520-525.
_||_