Investigation of physicochemical properties of water in downstream areas of selected dams in Aras catchment and water quality assessment (Case study: Aras catchment in the border area of Iran and Armenia)
محورهای موضوعی : Research paper
Ebrahim Safizadeh
1
(
Department of Environmental Law, Faculty of Natural Resources and The Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
)
Dariush Karimi
2
(
Assistant Professor Department of Environmental Management, Environmental Law, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment (FNRE) , Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
)
Hamid Reza Gahfarzadeh
3
(
Department of Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and The Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
)
Seyed Abbas Pourhashemi
4
(
Department of Law, Faculty of Natural Resources and The Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
)
کلید واژه: Physicochemical, Aras River, Heavy metals, Pollution load,
چکیده مقاله :
The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical properties of downstream water of Aras river dams. Sampling was performed from early 2018-2019 in selected stations. Heavy metals were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. Nitrate, nitrite and total dissolved solids concentrations were also measured by spectrophotometer. Concentrations of Ca, Na and K were measured with a Flame Photometer and the rest were measured with specialized devices. The results showed that the lowest electrical conductivity in the measured samples was 0.789 and the highest was 4.346 µs/cm, which basically indicates the high limit of soil and water for irrigation of plants. On the other hand, total solids with 1211 ppm indicate a moderate limit for salinity. Also; regarding pH, the average recorded for the study area is 8.17, which is within the national permissible and standard range of the world health organization. Nitrate and nitrite are both above the permissible and standard range. Potassium is within the permitted and standard range. Calcium, according to the average obtained in the study area (64 ppm) can be said that this parameter is within the allowable and standard range. In the case of lead (0.09 ppb), it can be said that this parameter is within the allowable and standard range. In the case of cadmium (0.8 ppb), it can be said that this parameter is within the allowable and standard range, 3 parameters nitrate, nitrite and TDS have an average higher than the national standard.
Abrahim GMS., Parker RJ., (2008). Assessment of heavy metal enrichment factors and the degree contamination in marine sediments from Tamaki, Estuary, Auckland, New Zealand. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 136: 227-238.
Amfo-Otu R., Kwesi Bentum J., Omari S., (2013). Assessment of Soil Contamination through EWaste Recycling Activities in Tema Community One. Environment and Pollution; Vol. 2, No. 2; 2013: 66-70.
Aazami J., Taban P., (2019). Monitoring of Heavy Metals in Water, Sediment and Phragmites australis of Aras River along the IranianArmenian Border, IJT. 2018; 12 (2) :1-6 URL: http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-633-en.html
Bagirov ZA., Bravarnik SE., (2005). Water-management and power use of the Araks River. Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, 19 (1), 42- 47, January, 1985. J. Power Technol. Engin. (Formerly Hydrotechnical Construction). pp. 35- 40.
Cool G., et al (2010). Evaluation of the vulnerability to contamination of drinking water systems for rural regions in Que´bec, Canada. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 53: 615–638.
Farabi SMV., Ganjian Khanari A., Vahedi F., Sharifian M. (2014). A Study of Aquaculture Development in Aras River Basin - Ardabil Province, Journal of Fisheries, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr Branch, Year 8, Number 1, Spring 1993, 110-101 pp.
Farhadi H., Fataei E., Kharat Sadeghi M., (2020). The Relationship Between Nitrate Distribution in Groundwater and Agricultural Landuse (Case study: Ardabil Plain, Iran), Anthropogenic Pollution Journal, Vol 4 (1), 2020: 50-56
Guo Y., Huang C., Zhang H., Dong Q. (2009). Heavy metal contamination from electronic waste recycling at Guiyu, Southeastern China. J Environ Qual. 2009 Jun 23; 38(4):1617-26. Anthropogenic Pollution Journal, Vol 5 (1), 2021: 41-48 48
Huang J., Nkrumah P., Anim D., Mensah E. (2014). Ewaste disposal effects on the aquatic environment: A, Ghana. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol. 2014; 229:19-34
(WEEE) management practices in developing countries through leaching tests. African Journal.
Imanpour Namin J., Mohammadi M., Heydari S., Monsefrad F., (2011). Heavy metals Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, in tissue. Liver of Esox Lucius and sediment from the Anzali international Lagoon – Iran. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, 91: 1-8.
Jalili S., (2020). Water Quality Assessment Based on HFBI& BMWP Index in Karoon River, Khuzestan Province, (Northwest of Persian Gulf), Anthropogenic Pollution Journal, Vol 4 (1), 2020: 36-49 pp.
Javadinejad H., Kavianpour MR., Boodaghpour S., Pirouz B., (2014), Survey of pollution resources and impacts on Aras River in East Azerbaijan province, Conference: First National Conference on New Horizons in sustainable development, architecture, construction, tourism, energy and environment in urban and rural area at: Hamedan, Iran
Jhajharia D., Dinpashoh Y., Kahya E., Singh VP., (2011), Trends in reference evapotranspiration in humid region of northeast India, Hydrological Processes, Doi: 10.1002/hyp.8140: 15 pages.
Manikannan R., Asokan S., Samsoor-Ali AM., (2011). Seasonal variations of physics- chemical properties of the great Vedaranyam swamp, point Calimeter wildlife sanctuary, South-east coast of India, African Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology, 5 (9): 673-681.
Mansouri N., Hemmasi AM., Mirzahosseini SA., Alidadi R., (2020). Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal in Ambient Air, Anthropogenic Pollution Journal, Vol 4 (2), 2020: 1-7
Nooshady M, Bidokhty TN, Yousefy M. (2009). Assessment and Measurement Groundwater Quality in Nourabad Plain of Mamasani. Congress Tewelfth Environmental Health Shahid Beheshty Medical Science University of Iran 2009; 12: 1268-1285.
Qihang W., Leung j., Xinhua G., Shejun Ch., Xuexia H., Haiyan L., Zhuying H., Libin Z., Jiahao Ch., Yayin L. (2015). Heavy metal contamination of soil and water in the vicinity of an abandoned ewaste recycling site: Implications for dissemination of heavy metals. Science of The Total Environment, Volumes 506–507, 15 February 2015, Pages 217-225.
Peng JF., Song YH., Yuan P., Cui XY., Qiu GL., (2009), The remediation of heavy metals contaminated sediment. Journal of Hazard Maters, 161: 633- 640.
Rostamabadi A, Jalali S., (2014) .Water resources management in new legal order. Amirkabir University Publications, 779p (in Persian)
Song Q., Li J. (2014). Environmental effects of heavy metals derived from the e-waste recycling activities in China: a systematic review. Waste Manag. 2014 Dec; 34(12):2587-94.
USEPA., (2017). Water Quality Standards Handbook Chapter 3: Water Quality Criteria, 28 P. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014- 10/documents/handbook-chapter3.pdf
Wang J., Liu W., Yang R., Zhang L., (2013), Assessment of the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in reclaimed soils at an open cast coal mine. Disaster advances, Vol (6): 366-377.
WHO. (2006). The Guidelines: A Framework For Safe Drinking-Water. In: WHO. Editor.3rd ed. Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality. Geneva WHO Press 2006: 6-8.
Zhang X., Ren Y., Yin Z., Lin Z., Zheng D., (2009), Spatial and temporal variation patterns of reference evapotranspiration across QinghatiTibetan. J. of Geophysical Research, 114, D15105, doi:10.10292009JD011753: 14 pages
