Numerical Computation of Rolling Resistance Based on the Result of Tire/Road Static Contact Analysis
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه شبیه سازی و تحلیل تکنولوژی های نوین در مهندسی مکانیک
1 - مربی، گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه جیرفت.
2 - مربی، گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشگاه جیرفت.
کلید واژه: FE method, Rolling Resistance, Hysteretic loss, Numerical scheme,
چکیده مقاله :
Among various dissipating mechanisms, the viscoelastic effect of rubber material on creation of rolling resistance is responsible for 10-33% dissipation of supplied power at the tire/road interaction surface. So, evaluating this kind of loss is very essential in any analysis concerned with improving the fuel consumption of vehicles and resultantly energy savage. Hysteretic loss is a fraction of stored strain energy of tire which is dissipated during the rotational motion. In all related references and published articles, the hysteretic loss per revolution of tire is commonly considered as the rolling resistance. However, a reasonable approximation of stresses and strains time histories is very crucial for evaluating the amount of hysteretic loss. Based on the results of 3D static contact analysis, an efficient in-house program coded in Matlab is used for estimating the time variation of stress-strain cycles at different points of a rolling tire. Half the difference between maximum and minimum principal values of six stress and strain components can be used for evaluating the hysteretic loss during one revolution of a rolling tire. The results closely match the related experimental and numerical investigations.
طبق بررسی های صورت گرفته از میان پدیده های مختلفی چون اصطکاک، مقاومت آیرودینامیکی هوا و سایر افت های مکانیکی، مقاومت غلطشی ناشی از خاصیت ویسکو الاستیسیته لاستیک، عامل مهمی است که 33-10 %کل اتلاف انرژی در وسایل نقلیه را به خود اختصاص می دهد. بدین جهت تحلیل و شناخت اثرات مربوط به این افت نقش بسزایی در کاهش مقاومت در برابر حرکت وسیله نقلیه و در نتیجه کاهش مصرف انرژی دارد. بیشتر مراجع و مقالات منتشر شده در این زمینه مقاومت غلطشی را کسری از انرژی کرنشی ذخیره شده در تایر می دانند که به علت پدیده هیستریتیس در هر دور گردش تایر به هدر می رود. در تحلیل حاضر، با استفاده از نتایج تحلیل سه بعدی برهم کنش استاتیکی تایر و سطح صلب جاده، نخست نحوه تغییرات زمانی تنش-کرنش در مقاطع مختلف تایر مشخص گردیده است و سپس با استفاده از یک برنامه کامپیوتری در محیط نرم افزار متلب مقادیر تنشها و کرنشهای اصلی حاصل از شش مولفه تانسورهای تنش و کرنش جهت محاسبه افت هیستریتیک و در نتیجه مقاومت غلطشی تایر به کار می روند. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل حاضر در مقایسه با مطالعات عددی و تجربی صورت گرفته در این زمینه دقت قابل توجهی نشان می دهند.
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