اثر تمرین استقامتی قبل از القای آلزایمر بر یادگیری، حافظه و تغییرات گاما سکرتاز هیپوکمپ در رت های نر نژاد ویستار

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوری

سجاد رجبی امیری ¹ (گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد آیت الله آملی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آمل، ایران)
علیرضا براری ² (گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد آیت الله آملی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آمل، ایران)
احمد عبدی ³ (گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد آیت الله آملی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آمل، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/10/14 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/02/21 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/03/31

کلید واژه: بیماری آلزایمر, هیپوکمپ, گاما سکرتاز, یادگیری و حافظه,

چکیده مقاله :

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر تمرین استقامتی قبل القای آلزایمر بر یادگیری، حافظه و تغییرات گاماسکرتاز هیپوکمپ موش های نر نژاد ویستار انجام شد. 32 سر رت نر بالغ 8 هفته ای با میانگین وزنی 17 ± 250 گرم، قبل از القای آلزایمر به صورت تصادفی به دو گروه استراحت (16 سر) و تمرین (16 سر) تقسیم شدند. پس از 4 هفته (هفته اول و دوم با سرعت 10 متر بر دقیقه در دو نوبت 15 دقیقه‌ای، هفته سوم با سرعت 15 متر بر دقیقه در سه نوبت 15 دقیقه‌ای و در هفته چهارم با سرعت 15 متر بر دقیقه در چهار نوبت 15 دقیقه‌ای با وقفه 5 دقیقه‌ای)، هر گروه به دو زیرگروه: 1- تزریق آمیلوئیدبتا و 2- بدون تزریق تقسیم شدند. پس از 72 ساعت حیوانات کشته و هیپوکمپ آنها جهت بررسی برداشته شد. تغییرات گاما سکرتاز با روش Real Time PCR اندازه گیری و اطلاعات با آزمون آنوا یک طرفه تجزیه و تحلیل گردید. در تست یادگیری و حافظه موریس بین زمان سپری شده برای یافتن سکو در گروه های مختلف در روزهای دوم (001/0 ≥p ، 758/10 = F)، سوم (001/0 ≥ p، 574/10 = F) و چهارم (001/0 ≥p ، 846/4 = F) تفاوت معنی داری وجود داشت. مدت زمان سپری شده برای یافتن سکو در گروه استراحت-تزریق Aβ1-42 در همه ی روزها به طور معنی داری بیشتر از گروه های دیگر بود (001/0≥p ). نتایج آزمون پروب (حافظه فضایی) نشان داد، زمان صرف شده در ربع دایره هدف برای گروه های مختلف به طور معنی داری متفاوت است (001/0 ≥p ، 245/9 = F). همچنین، گاما سکرتاز در گروه تمرین نسبت به گروه استراحت در مرحله بعد از القای آلزایمرکاهش معناداری را نشان داد (001/0=p ). تمرین هوازی قبل از القای آلزایمر منجر به کاهش گاما سکرتاز و افزایش یادگیری و حافظه و از این طریق امکان دارد به شکل پذیری هیپوکامپی کمک و فوایـد شـناختی و عملکردی در پی داشته باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

This study aimed  to investigate the effect of endurance training before induction of Alzheimers on learning, Memory and changes in the hippocampal gamma-secretase in male Wistar rats. For this purpose, 32 8-week-old mature male rats with the avergae weight of 250±17g were randomly divided into two groups of rest (16) and exercise (16) beore Alzheimers induction. After 4 weeks (two 15-min intervals with the speed of 10 m/min in first and second weeks, three 15-min intervals with the speed of 15 m/min in the third week,and four 15-min intervals with the speed of 15 m/min in the fourth week, with 5-min stops), each group was divided into two subgroups: 1. Amyloid beta injection, and 2. no injection. After 72 hours, the animals were killed and their hippocampus was removed. The changes of gamma secretase were measured by Real Time PCR and the obtaiend data analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Morris learning and memory test revealed a significant difference between the time elapsed for finding the platform in different groups on the second (p = 0.001, F = 10.758), third (p ≥ 0.001, p = 0.0057) and the fourth days (p = 0.001, F = 4.846). The time elapsed for finding the platform in the rest-injection group Aβ1-42 was significantly longer than the other gorups on all days (p ≥ 0.001). The results of probe test for spatial memory showed that the time spent in the quadrant of the target circle was significantly different for different groups (p = 0.001, F = 9.25). Also, gamma secretase was significantly decreased in the exercise group compared to rest group after Alzheimers induction (p = 0.001). Aerobic exercise before Alzheimers induction leads to a decrease in gamma-secretase and increase in learning and Memory, and it may lead to hyppocampal plasticity that brings about cognitive and functional benefits.

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