اثر شدت و مدت گرسنگی به همراه پدیده رشد جبرانی بر عملکرد رشد، خصوصیات لاشه و ترکیب شیمیایی گوشت بره های گوسفند نژاد لری

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوری

بهروز یاراحمدی ¹ , محسن محمدی ساعی ² , علیرضا چگنی ³

1 - بخش تحقیقات علوم دامی مرکز آموزش و تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی لرستان ، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، خرم آباد، ایران
2 - بخش تحقیقات علوم دامی مرکز آموزش و تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی لرستان ، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، خرم آباد، ایران
3 - بخش تحقیقات علوم دامی مرکز آموزش و تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی لرستان ، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، خرم آباد، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/08/04 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/11/18 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/03/01

کلید واژه: رشد جبرانی, ضریب تبدیل خوراک, شدت گرسنگی, محدودیت خوراک,

چکیده مقاله :

این تحقیق به ‌منظور بررسی اثر شدت و مدت گرسنگی به همراه پدیده رشد جبرانی بر عملکرد رشد، خصوصیات لاشه و ترکیب شیمیایی گوشت بره‌های نر گوسفند نژاد لری با 54 رأس بره ی نر 30 کیلوگرمی انجام شد. فاکتورهای مورد آزمایش شامل مدت گرسنگی با دو سطح (35 روز و 45 روز) و شدت گرسنگی با سه سطح (حد اشتها، 80 درصد و 60 درصد) بوده که بر اساس آزمایش فاکتوریل با طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی (3×2) با سه تکرار انجام شد. در پایان آزمایش میزان افزایش وزن روزانه، وزن نهایی، ضریب تبدیل غذایی و خوراک مصرفی محاسبه ‌شد. همچنین خصوصیات لاشه به همراه هزینه تولید برای هر کیلوگرم افزایش وزن لاشه و گوشت لخم محاسبه شد. جهت تعیین ترکیب شیمایی گوشت درصد ماده خشک، خاکستر، چربی خام و پروتئین خام تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد بین افزایش وزن روزانه، ماده خشک مصرفی و ضریب تبدیل خوراک در پایان دوره محدودیت تفاوت معنی‌دار وجود داشت (05/0 >p ). در پایان رشد جبرانی گروه‌های محدودیتی با 35 روز گرسنگی افزایش وزن روزانه بیشتری نسبت به سایر تیمارها داشتند (05/ 0>p ). در دوره رشد جبرانی ضریب تبدیل خوراک در تیمارهای محدودیت خوراک نسبت به تیمار شاهد کاهش داشت (05/0 >p ). نتایج صفات لاشه در دوره محدودیت خوراک نشان داد که میانگین اکثر صفات لاشه در تیمارهای شاهد بالاتر از گروه‌های محدودیت بود (05/0 >p ). در این بین وزن دنبه، درصد دنبه و چربی کل لاشه در تیمارهای شاهد بالاتر از کلیه گروه‌های محدودیت بود.در این مورد گروه‌های محدودیت خوراک 35 و 45 روز گرسنگی بالاترین درصد گوشت لخم لاشه را در دوره محدودیت و رشد جبرانی داشتند. این مطالعه مشخص نمود بره‌های تحت محدودیت 60 درصد خوراک با 35 روز گرسنگی به دلیل افزایش وزن بالاتر، ضریب تبدیل خوراک مناسب‌تر و صفات لاشه مناسب‌تر همچنین درصد گوشت لخم بیشتر نسبت به سایر تیمارها ارجحیت داشتند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the starvation intensity and period compensatory growth on the carcass characteristics and meat chemical composition of the lambs of Lori sheep breeds. Fifty-four male Lori lambs were selected. The experimental factors were for the starvation period at two levels (35 and 45 days) and the starvation intensity with three levels (ad libitum, 80%, and 60%) which was based on a factorial experiment with a completely randomized design (2×3) with three replications. At the end of the experiment, daily weight gain, final weight, feed conversion ratio, and feed intake were calculated. Furthermore, the carcass characteristics, the cost of production per kg of gain carcass and lean meat were calculated. The percentage of dry matter, ash, crude fat, and crude protein were determined for the meat chemical composition.  Results showed that there was a significant difference among average daily gain, dry matter intake, and feed conversion ratio the feed restriction period (p < 0.05). At the end of compensatory growth, restricted groups with 35 days of starvation gained more ADG than other treatments (p < 0.05). During the compensatory growth period, FCR in the feed restriction treatments decreased compared to the control treatment (p < 0.05). The results of carcass traits in the feed restriction period showed that the most carcass traits in the control treatments were higher than the restriction groups (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the fat tail weight and percentage and total carcass fat were higher in the control treatment were higher than all restriction groups. In this case, the food restriction groups of 35 and 45 days of starvation had the highest lean meat during the period of restriction and compensatory growth. The study showed that the lambs under 60 percent feed restriction with 35 days of starvation were preferable due to higher ADG, better FCR, and more suitable carcass traits, as well as the higher percentage of lean meat than other treatments.  

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