Effect of Different Cultivation Beds, Species, and Types of Seed Culture on Benching Crown Formation in Pistacia vera L.

محورهای موضوعی : Pistachio

Kazem Kamali Aliabad ¹ , Fakhrossadat Hosseini ² , Elaheh Zamani ³ , Shima Shahbazi Manshadi ⁴

1 - AAssociate Professor, Department of Arid Land and Desert Management, Natural Resources Faculty, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
2 - M.Sc. Graduate, Department of Arid Land and Desert Management, Natural Resources Faculty, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
3 - Ph.D student, Department of Arid Land and Desert Management, Natural Resources Faculty, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
4 - Ph.D student, Department of Arid Land and Desert Management, Natural Resources Faculty, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran

تاریخ دریافت : 1402/10/02 تاریخ پذیرش : 1403/03/26 تاریخ انتشار : 1403/09/28

کلید واژه: Germination media, Pistachio species, Planting media, Screw crown,

چکیده مقاله :

This study investigated the effects of soil texture, tree cultivars, and seed-sowing techniques on pistachio cultivars crowns' growth. The main research question addressed the effect of these factors on various morphological traits of pistachio seedlings, including leaf number, leaf area, stem length, and the occurrence of spiral crowns. A factorial experiment with randomized design and 5 replications. Seeds were sown in the orientation of seeds: up tip, down tip, and horizontal. Four ratios of culture media treatments using sand, peat moss, perlite, and farm soil were used. The findings indicated that the morphology of pistachio seedlings was significantly influenced by the selection of the culture medium. Besides, different types of seeds, including P. vera cv. Badami, P. integerrima and P. mutica affected the growth parameters. The highest leaf area was due to medium 3 with P. vera cv. Badami seeds were grown with their up tips (84.9 cm2) and medium 1 with P. integerrima seeds were grown with their horizontal (67.5 cm2). The highest number of leaves was found in medium 2 containing P. vera cv. Badami seeds are grown with down tips (28.2). The highest seedling stem diameter and stem length were associated with media 2 and 3 with P. vera cv. Badami cultivation in the form of up and horizontal tips averaged 7.6 mm, 35.4 cm, and 38.8 cm respectively. For spiral crown, media 1 and 2 had the highest percentage. In these media, all seeds showed a high percentage of spiral crowns.

چکیده انگلیسی:

This study investigated the effects of soil texture, tree cultivars, and seed-sowing techniques on pistachio cultivars crowns' growth. The main research question addressed the effect of these factors on various morphological traits of pistachio seedlings, including leaf number, leaf area, stem length, and the occurrence of spiral crowns. A factorial experiment with randomized design and 5 replications. Seeds were sown in the orientation of seeds: up tip, down tip, and horizontal. Four ratios of culture media treatments using sand, peat moss, perlite, and farm soil were used. The findings indicated that the morphology of pistachio seedlings was significantly influenced by the selection of the culture medium. Besides, different types of seeds, including P. vera cv. Badami, P. integerrima and P. mutica affected the growth parameters. The highest leaf area was due to medium 3 with P. vera cv. Badami seeds were grown with their up tips (84.9 cm2) and medium 1 with P. integerrima seeds were grown with their horizontal (67.5 cm2). The highest number of leaves was found in medium 2 containing P. vera cv. Badami seeds are grown with down tips (28.2). The highest seedling stem diameter and stem length were associated with media 2 and 3 with P. vera cv. Badami cultivation in the form of up and horizontal tips averaged 7.6 mm, 35.4 cm, and 38.8 cm respectively. For spiral crown, media 1 and 2 had the highest percentage. In these media, all seeds showed a high percentage of spiral crowns.

منابع و مأخذ:

Abad M, Noguera P, Puchades R, Maquieira A, Noguera V (2002) Physico-chemical and chemical properties of some coconut coir dusts for use as a peat substitute for containerised ornamental plants. Bioresource Technology. 82(3), 241–245.
Adams M, Plitzko I, Kaiser M, Brun R, Hamburger M (2009) HPLC-profiling for antiplasmodial compounds—3-Methoxycarpachromene from Pistacia atlantica. Phytochemistry Letters. 2(4), 159–162.
Altundag E, Ozturk M (2011) Ethnomedicinal studies on the plant resources of east Anatolia, Turkey. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 19, 756–777.
Bagheri F, Hassanshahi G, Kahanamani Falahatipour S, Dini A, Mohamadi M, Ahmadi Z, Noroozi M, Khanamani Falahati-pour S (2021) Effects of Pistachios and Their Different Plant Parts on Various Disorders: Evidence about Their Therapeutic Effects on Diabetes Mellitus, Gastrointestinal and Liver Disorders, as well as Blood Pressure. Pistachio and Health Journal. 4(4), 28–47.
Batchelor LD, Webber HJ (1948) The citrus industry. The production of the crop. Vol II. The Production of the Crop.
Fani SR, Mirabolfathy M, Zamanizadeh H (2018) Identification of Pistachio Root and Crown Rot Casual Agents in Sistan-Baluchistan Province. Journal of Pistachio Science and Technology. 1(2), 74–93.
Furutani I, Watanabe Y, Prieto R, Masukawa M, Suzuki K, Naoi K, Thitamadee S, Shikanai T, Hashimoto T (2000) The SPIRAL genes are required for directional control of cell elongation in Aarabidopsis thaliana. Development 127(20), 4443–4453.
Hossein N, Rezanejad F, ZamaniBahramabadi E (2022) Effects of soil texture, irrigation intervals, and cultivar on some nut qualities and different types of fruit blankness in pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 9(1), 41-53.
Jaffe MJ, Galston AW (1968) The physiology of tendrils. Annual Review of Plant Physiology. 19(1), 417–434.
Konstantinou GN, Baker MG, Yu J, Ford LS, Bencharitiwong R, Grishina G, Sampson HA, Sicherer S, Nowak-Wegrzyn A (2023) Citrin: a novel food allergen in citrus seeds and citrus-derived pectin that shows cross-reactivity with cashew and pistachio. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. 131(6), 759–765.
Meena AK, Garhwal OP, Mahawar AK, Singh SP (2017) Effect of different growing media on seedling growth parameters and economics of papaya (Carica papaya L) cv. Pusa delicious. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 6(6), 2964–2972.
Nazoori F, ZamaniBahramabadi E, Mirdehghan H, Yousefi M (2022) Preharvest application of sulfur as pesticide on fresh hull and kernel of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 9(1), 117-129.
Nogales E (2015) An electron microscopy journey in the study of microtubule structure and dynamics. Protein Science. 24(12), 1912–1919.
Norozi M, ValizadehKaji B, Karimi R, Nikoogoftar Sedghi M (2019) Effects of foliar application of potassium and zinc on pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) fruit yield. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 6(1), 113-123.
Rahemi M, Pakkish Z (2009) Determination of chilling and heat requirements of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) cultivars. Agricultural Sciences in China. 8(7), 803–807.
Sharifkhah M, Bakhshi D, Pourghayoumi M, Abdi S, Hokmabadi H (2020) Effect of pollination time on yield and antioxidant properties of some pistachio cultivars. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 7(1), 51-58.
Shamshiri M, Hasani M (2015) Synergistic accumulative effects between exogenous salicylic acid and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus in pistachio (Pistacia Vera cv. Abareqi) seedlings under drought stress. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 2(2), 151-160.


Simmons C, Söll D, Migliaccio F (1995) Circumnutation and gravitropism cause root waving in Arabidopsis thaliana. Journal of Experimental Botany. 46(1), 143–150.
Smyth DR (2016) Helical growth in plant organs: mechanisms and significance. Development 143(18), 3272–3282.
Steeves TA, Sussex IM (1989) Patterns in plant development. Cambridge University Press.
Taghdisi A, Kiani S, Abolhasani F, Soltani Z (2011) Application of RS and GIS Technology to Farmland Irrigation Management. Scientific-Research Quarterly of Geographical Data (SEPEHR). 20(78), 26–32.
Taghizadeh SF, Davarynejad G, Asili J, Nemati SH, Karimi G (2018) Assessment of phenolic profile and antioxidant power of five pistachio (Pistacia vera) cultivars collected from four geographical regions of Iran. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine. 8(1), 33.
Vahdati K, Sarikhani S, Arab MM, Leslie CA, Dandekar AM, Aletà N, Bielsa B, Gradziel TM, Montesinos Á, Rubio-Cabetas MJ, Sideli GM, Serdar Ü, Akyüz B, Beccaro GL, Donno D, Rovira M, Ferguson L, Akbari M, Sheikhi A, Sestras AF, Kafkas S, Paizila A, Roozban MR, Kaur A, Panta S, Zhang L, Sestras RE, Mehlenbacher S (2021) Advances in rootstock breeding of nut trees: objectives and strategies. Plants 10 (11), 2234.